Protozoa

Question 1

Giardia lamblia:

• Infect where?
• Stools?
• Transmission? (2)
• Dx how? (2)
• Treatment?

Answer 1

• Upper small bowel
• Fatty
• Cysts in water F-O
• Cysts/trophozoites in stool
• Metronidazole

Question 2

Entamoeba histolytica:

• Clinical?
• Can causes? More in who? Looks like?
• Ulcer shape on histology?
• Transmission? (2)
• Dx?
• Similar to E hispar but what on ELISA?
• Treatment?

Answer 2

• Dysentary (bloody diarrhea)
• Liver abssess; 10:1 male; anchovy paste
• Flask
• Cysts in water/ F-O
• Trophozoites with RBC’s in cytoplasm
• Gal/gal nac
• Metronidazole

Question 3

Cryptospordium:

• Clinical?
• Transmission?
• Dx? Less than?

Answer 3

• Severe diarrhea in AIDS patients
• F-O transmission
• Oocytes on Acid Fast Stain; I. Belt

Question 4

Toxoplasma gondii:

• CT/MRI?
• Causes what in AIDS patients?
• Congenital triad?
• Transmitted how? (2)
• Occurs in first trimester?
• 3rd trimester?
• Treatement?

Answer 4

• Ring enhancing lesion
• Encephalitits
• Chorioreitintits, hydropcephalus, intracranial calcifications
• Oocytes in raw pork/cat feces
• low fetal but severe neonate
• higher fetal infection but less severe for neonate
• Sulfadiazene

Question 5

Naegleri Fowleri:

• Rapidly fatal what?
• Exposure? Enters how?
• Dx?
• Treatment?

Answer 5

• Meninoenceph
• Freshwater; cribriform plate
• Amoebas in spinal fluid
• Amph B

Question 6

Trypsanoma Brucei:

• Clinical?
• Enlarged lymph nodes with what? Why?
• Transmitted via? Bite?
• Dx?
• Treatment?

Answer 6

• African sleeping sickeness
• Recurring fever; antigenic drift
• Tsete fly; painful
• Smear
• Suramin

Question 7

Trichomonas vaginalis:

• Clinical? Not? Cervix?
• Transmission? Can’t live where?
• Dx?
• Treatment?

Answer 7

• Vaginitis (not vaginosis); strawberry
• Sexual trophs (no cysts); outside humans
• Trophozoites on wet mount
• Metronidazole for all partners

Question 8

Babesia:

• Clinical? Found where?
• Increased risk of severe dz with?
• Trasmitted how?
• Dx? (2)
• Treatment?

Answer 8

• Fever and hemolytic anemia; NE us
• Asplenia
• Ioxides tick
• Blood smear with maltese cross or ring
• Atoraquone

Question 9

Plasmodium:

• Life cycle? (4)
  1. ) Vivax/ovale: Cycle? (2); dormant form? RBC?
  2. ) Falcipurum: RBC preference? Oclludes stuff?
  3. ) Malarie: RBC? Cycle? (2)
• Dx? (2)
• Treatment? (3)
• Life threatning?
• Vivax/ovale dormant?

Answer 9

• Spirozoite, merozoite, shizont, gametocytes
  1. ) 48 hr/ tertian; hypozoite; young
  2. ) all; yes
  3. ) Old; 72 hours (quartan)
• Trophozoite ring (young); mature shizonts
• Chloroquine; mefloquire/proquanil
• Quinidine
• Primaquine

Question 10

Trypansoma cruzi:

• Common where?
• Causes? (3)
• Transmitted via? Bite?
• Smear shape?
• Treatment?

Answer 10

• South America
• Dilated cardiomyopathy, megacolon, mega esoph
• Reduviid bug; painless
• C shape or Typomastigote in macs
• Benznidazole

Question 11

Leishmania Donovani: Visceral/cutaneous/mucosal

• Clinical? (3)
• Transmitted via? As what?
• Dx?
• Treatment?

Answer 11

• Spiking fevers, hepatospleno, pancytopenia
• Sandfly as promastigote
• Macs with amastigotes
• Amph B

Question 12

Cyclospora:

• Found in? Stomach HCl?
• Size oocytes by acid fast? Crypto size?
• Cause?

Answer 12

• Raspberries; not much
• 8-10 um; 4-6 um
• Diarrhea