Hepatobiliary Labs & Diagnostics Flashcards
Abdominal ultrasound detects ____, _____, and ____
tumor, cysts, and stones
True or False? Abdominal ultrasound is invasive.
False. Abdominal ultrasounds are non invasive.
What is used for an abdominal ultrasound?
Conductive gel
What is an important nursing intervention that the nurse should teach the patient about before getting the abdominal ultrasound?
Instruct to be NPO 8 hrs. beforehand 2’ food causing gallbladder contraction (altering results). Keep the gut quiet.
How accurate is the abdominal ultrasound in finding gallstones?
95% accurate in finding gallstones
A computed tomography allows for exposure at _____ ______
different exposures
What is used to see different depths in a computed tomography (CT)?
Use of oral and IV contrast medium accentuates density differences.
What is an important nursing intervention that you should assess before doing a computed tomography (CT) if contrast is being used?
Assess renal function if using contrast. Always assess BUN and creatinine because contrast can be nephrotoxic.
Also, assess for iodine or shellfish allergies.
What is important for the nurse to teach to the patient about feeling during the CT scan?
Warn about “flushed” feeling
If contrast is being used during a CT scan, what should the nurse promote afterwards?
Force fluids to get dye out of the body.
A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to detect _____, _____, and ____ __ __ _____.
disease, lesions, and sources of GI bleed
A magnetic resonance image (MRI) is ______ and uses _____ ____ and a ______ _____.
non-invasive
radio-frequency waves and a magnetic field
What may be used for an MRI?
IV contrast (gadolinium)
_____ _____ and _____ are contradicted for MRI’s.
Metal implants and pregnancy
A ________ is done if diagnosis of cholecystitis remains uncertain following ultrasound.
Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy (HIDA) scan
Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy (HIDA) scan is a _____ _____ study.
Nuclear medicene
How does the HIDA scan work?
It is injected IV and is taken up by hepatocytes and excreted into bile.
The HIDA scan demonstrates patency of _____ _____ _____ and _____
common bile duct and ampulla
An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) visualizes and assess the _____, _____, and ____ ____ ____
pancreatic, hepatic, and common bile duct
What are 3 things that should be done before and ERCP and all endoscopies?
- NPO x 8 hrs
- Consent form signed
- Administer sedation
What is the most common complication of an ERCP?
pancreatitis
What are 2 things nurses should do after an ERCP?
- Check VS (looking for manifestations of perforation or infection)
- Check for return of gag reflex (usually returns in 2-4 hours. Do this before giving fluid intake)
Before a liver biopsy procedure:
- Check ____
- Ensure patient’s blood is ____ and ______
- _____ is signed
- Baseline ____ _____
- Explain- ___ ____ ____ ______ ___ ____ ____
- coags (INR and PT)
- typed and cross-matched
- consent
- vital signs
- hold breath after expiration when needle inserted
After liver biopsy procedure:
- Frequent _____
- Keep on __ __ x ___ hrs.
- HOB ____ _____ hrs.
- Asses for ______
- VS (assessing for internal bleeding)
- right side x 2 hrs
- flat 12-24 hrs.
- complications (pneumothorax, peritonitis, shock)
