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Labs & Diagnostic Collab > Visual Labs & Diagnostics > Flashcards

Visual Labs & Diagnostics Flashcards

1
Q

Why is it important to learn the anatomy and functions of the eye?

A

Because we will see it on the HESI/N-CLEX… study up! :)

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2
Q

What is the function of the pupil?

A

It is a big hole on the front of the eyeball that allows light to get in

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3
Q

What is the purpose of the lens?

A

It helps with accommodation.

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4
Q

What is the purpose of the cornea?

A

It protects the inside structures of the eye with a coated covering.

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5
Q

This part of the eye is pale and loses the line of demarcation when the patient is anemic:

A

Conjunctiva

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6
Q

Thin, wet, tissue-like consistency describes what part of the eye?

A

Retina

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7
Q

What is the purpose of the retina?

A

To receive and organize visual information

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8
Q

What covers the back of the eyeball?

A

the retina

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9
Q

The vitreous body (humor) sits between what two parts of the eye?

A

the lens and the retina. It is a clear gel tissue.

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10
Q

Visual Acuity Testing measures:

a. Far vision
b. Near & Far vision
c. Near vision
d. Peripheral vision

A

b. Near & Far vision

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11
Q

Name the 2 types of Visual Acuity Testing

A

Snellen Chart

Miniature Eye chart (pocket chart)

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12
Q

Snellen Chart testing measures what type of vision?

A

Far vision

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13
Q

How far away do you read the letters on the chart?

A

20 feet

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14
Q

What does 20/50 vision indicate?

A

a patient can see at 20 feet from the chart what a healthy eye sees at 50 feet.

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15
Q

What eyesight vision is preferred?

A

20/20 vision

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16
Q

The miniature eye chart measures Far vision:

True or False

A

False. It measures near vision

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17
Q

How far is the miniature eye chart/pocket chart held from the eye?

a. 6 inches
b. 20 inches
c. 14 inches
d. 16 inches

A

c. 14 inches from the eyes

18
Q

Name the 3 candidates for a Visual Acuity test:

A
  1. Patient needing a routine screening
  2. Patient with cataracts
  3. Patient with retinal detachment
19
Q

This test allows the view into the fundus of the eye:

A

Ophthalmoscopy

20
Q

What can be seen using an ophthalmoscope?

A
  • Red reflex
  • Optic disc
  • Optic blood vessels
  • Fundus
  • Macula
21
Q

Describe the procedure for an Ophthalmoscopy

A
  • Darken room to dilate the pupil

- Move the ophthalmoscope in from 12-15 inches away and move to the side of patient’s line of vision

22
Q

Name 2 candidates for an ophthalmoscopy:

A
  1. Patients in for a routine exam

2. Patient with Glaucoma

23
Q

What test might one see “optic disc cupping” ?

A

Ophthalmoscopy (a patient with Glaucoma)

24
Q

In a patient with glaucoma, the optic disc cup gets _____.

a. smaller
b. larger

A

b. larger

25
Q

This test quantifies vision loss associated with light scatter:

A

Glare Testing

26
Q

Glare testing can be done for patients who have trouble with what kind of vision issues?

A

Driving at night or in the rain because of the glare it can cause coming from headlights

27
Q

Name 1 candidate for Glare testing:

A

a patient with cataracts

28
Q

This vision test magnifies the anterior eye structures with a low powered microscope:

a. Snellen chart test
b. Goniscopy
c. IOP testing
d. Slit Lamp Test

A

d. Slit Lamp test

29
Q

Name 4 candidates for a Slit lamp test:

A

Patient with:

  1. Cataracts (to see white/opaque lens)
  2. Retinal detachment
  3. Glaucoma (to distinguish between open angle and closed angle)
  4. Macular degeneration
30
Q

What does IOP stand for?

A

Intraocular Pressure

31
Q

IOP Testing uses what device to measure the IOP?

A

Tonometer

side note: the covered end of the probe touches anesthetized corneal surfaces

32
Q

What is the normal IOP reading?

a. 16-20 mm Hg
b. 10-21 mm Hg
c. 5-10 mm Hg
d. 10-16 mm Hg

A

b. 10-21 mm Hg

33
Q

Who should undergo IOP testing?

A
  1. all patients 40 years and older

2. familial history (test 1-2x per year)

34
Q

An increase in IOP could be indicative of what onset?

A

Glaucoma (silent disease)

35
Q

This device is the gold standard for IOP testing:

A

Goldman’s applanation tonometer

36
Q

The two instruments that are currently being used for IOP testing are:

A

Goldman’s applanation tonometer

Tono-Pen

37
Q

If a high IOP is found, a _________ (test) is performed to determine whether open-angle or closed-angle glaucoma is present

A

Gonioscopy

38
Q

A Gonioscopy allows visualization where the ______ meets the ______.

A

iris; cornea

39
Q

A Gonioscopy gives an indication of what is going on in the ______ part of the eyeball.

A

anterior

40
Q

The other imaging assessments of the eye can include (4):

A
  1. CT
  2. MRI
  3. Radioisotope
  4. Ultrasonography

All are painless and do not require special follow-ups

Labs & Diagnostic Collab (18 decks)

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