hip

Question 1

what part of the hip does not directly articulate with femoral head

Answer 1

acetabular fossa

Question 2

lunate surface

Answer 2

superior horseshoe-shaped area that articulates with femoral head + is covered in hyaline cartilage

Question 3

angle of acetabulum

Answer 3

50* inf
20* ant (anteversion)

Question 4

coxa profunda

Answer 4

over-coverage of acetabulum on femur
(impingements common)

Question 5

retroversion (+ the degrees)

Answer 5

hip positioned more posterior, leading to overcoverage

less than 10*

Question 6

excessive anteversion (+ the degrees)

Answer 6

positioned more anteriorly, leading to instability

more than 20*

Question 7

typical center edge angle?

what happens with more?
what happens with less?

Answer 7

22-50*

more = pincer impingement
less = acetabular dysplasia

Question 8

typical acetabular angle of inclination?

what happens with more?

Answer 8

32-45*

more = acetabular dysplasia

Question 9

how is acetabular inclination measured? what is it?

Answer 9

acetabular depth

measured from line parallel to teardrops on pelvis to lateral acetabulum

Question 10

3 functions of hip labrum

Answer 10

1. deepen socket
2. maintains negative pressure
3. proprioception/pain feedback

Question 10

what ligament blends with the labrum

Answer 10

transverse acetabular ligament

Question 10

what ligament attached to femur fovea

Answer 10

ligamentum teres (ligament of head of femur)

Question 11

directions femur head faces

Answer 11

medial
superior
anterior
(in respect to fem shaft + condyles)

Question 12

coxa valga vs vara

Answer 12

vara = decreased angle of inclination
valga = increased angle of inclination

Question 13

SCFE increases with coxa valga or vara

Answer 13

vara bc higher bending/shear force

Question 14

kids with CP tend to have coxa ____ and have genu _____. Why?

Answer 14

coxa valga
genu valgum

bc they usually have adductor hypertonicity

Question 15

most joint congruence occurs with what 3 hip motions

Answer 15

flx
abd
ER

Question 15

pavlik harness

Answer 15

used for babies with hip dysplasia

Question 16

is the femoral neck intra or extracapsular

Answer 16

intracapsular

Question 17

retinacular fibers

Answer 17

carry blood vessels that provide nutrition to fem head/neck

Question 18

posterior hip bursa name

Answer 18

ischiogluteal

Question 19

lateral hip bursa name

Answer 19

trochanteric

Question 20

t/f: ligamentum teres is interarticular AND intrasynovial

Answer 20

false

its actually extrasynovial!!

Question 21

what movements does the ligamentum teres resist

Answer 21

IR and ER when hip is at 90+ degrees of flexion

Question 22

iliofemoral ligament resists (2)

Answer 22

ER in hip flexion extension

Question 23

pubofemoral ligament resists (1)

Answer 23

ER in hip extension

Question 24

ischiofemoral ligament resists (2)

Answer 24

IR flexion

Question 25

hip joint congruence position vs closed packed position

Answer 25

cong = flx, abd, ER CP = ext, abd, IR

Question 26

loose-packed position of hip

Answer 26

midrange flexion Abd mid rotation

Question 27

how much of our body weight can be supported by the hip joint capsule and ligaments without muscular assistance

Answer 27

2/3rds

Question 28

what type of moment is always at the hip in anatomical posture

Answer 28

extention (bc LoG falls posterior)

Question 29

tensile forces occur on what part of the femoral neck? how about compressive forces?

Answer 29

tensile = superior compressive = inferior

Question 30

_________ line up on the femur head/neck along stress lines

Answer 30

trabeculae

Question 31

HAT and GRF create _____ force on femur neck

Answer 31

shear

Question 32

medial vs lateral trabecular system

Answer 32

med = resists vertical compression lat = resists shear forces of bw from HAT + GRF

Question 33

where is the zone of weakness in the femoral neck

Answer 33

in between the lat and med trabeculae by the lesser troch

Question 34

peak contact pressure in unilateral stance are near the _______ part of the acetabulum dome? how does this differ in women

Answer 34

superior women have smaller contact area, thus higher peak stress in one area

Question 35

femoral head spins ____ with flx and _____ during ext

Answer 35

flex = posteriorly ext = anteriorly

Question 36

in abduction, femoral head rolls _____ and glides _____

Answer 36

superior inferior

Question 37

in adduction, femoral head rolls ______ and glides _____

Answer 37

inferior superior

Question 38

in ER, femoral head rolls ______ and glides _____

Answer 38

posterior anterior

Question 39

in IR, femoral head rolls ______ and glides _____

Answer 39

anterior posterior

Question 40

functional ROM for gait in hip 1. flex/ext 2. ab/add 3. IR/ER

Answer 40

30 flex 10 ext 5 ab/add 5 IR/ER

Question 41

if opposite side of pelvis hikes, what happens to the stance hip? (ab or add)

Answer 41

abduction

Question 42

lateral pelvic shift in bilateral stance causes ____ on shift side and ____ on opposite (ab or add)

Answer 42

adduction abduction

Question 43

rec fem biggest contribution to hip flexion is when the knee is _____

Answer 43

flexed

Question 44

what position does glute max have its longest MA for efficient extension

Answer 44

at 70* hip flexion

Question 45

if knee is flexed over ____ degrees, the hammies lose their ability to extend hip

Answer 45

90

Question 46

obturator internus has a decreased MA with what hip position

Answer 46

hip flexion

Question 47

what 2 ER muscles are always ERs regardless of hip position?

Answer 47

obturator externus quadratus femoris

Question 48

what are the primary IRs of the hip?

Answer 48

we dont have any silly goose. we just have secondary ones like TFL, adductors, and glute med/min

Question 49

Unilateral stance hip acts as what class lever

Answer 49

Class 1

Question 50

CAM impingement

Answer 50

piston grip deformity of femoral neck which pinches anterior/superior labrum/cartilage

Question 51

pincer impingement

Answer 51

increased over-coverage of of acetabulum on femur, suppressing superior labrum

Question 52

what 2 hip joint motions aggravate labral tears

Answer 52

abd ER

Question 53

anteversion is associated with toe pointed _____

Answer 53

in

Question 54

retroversion is associated with toe pointed ____

Answer 54

out

Question 55

drehmann sign

Answer 55

SCFE test --> external rotation occurs with hip flexion = positive

Question 56

klein's line

Answer 56

x-ray line that indicates SCFE

Question 57

glute max paralysis leads to ______ pelvic tilt and glute max weakness leads to _____ pelvic tilt

Answer 57

paralysis = posterior weakness = anterior

Question 58

when do the growth plates of the femur close

Answer 58

18 years old 20 years old only for distal femur