Hip

Question 1

What type of joint is the hip joint?

Answer 1

Ball and socket

Question 2

What bones make up the hip joint?

Answer 2

Pelvis and femur

Question 3

What bones fuse to make the pelvis?

Answer 3

Ilium
Pubis
Ischium

Question 4

What are the key parts of the femur?

Answer 4

Femoral head
Neck 
Greater trochanter
Lesser trochanter
Intertrochanteric line
Shaft

Question 5

What forms the socket of the joint?

Answer 5

Acetabulum

Question 6

What forms the ball of the joint?

Answer 6

Femoral head

Question 7

What is the acetabulum?

Answer 7

Point where all hip bones converge

Question 8

What strengthens the hip joint?

Answer 8

Labrum
Joint capsule
Ligaments
Muscles

Question 9

What is the acetabular labrum?

Answer 9

Fibrocartilaginous rim attached to margin of acetabulum

Question 10

What strengthens the inferior portion of the acetabulum?

Answer 10

Transverse acetabular ligament

Question 11

What is the joint capsule?

Answer 11

Spiral fibres that sit around the joint

Question 12

What is the anterior attachment of the joint capsule?

Answer 12

Intertrochanteric line

Question 13

What is the posterior attachment of the joint capsule?

Answer 13

Neck of femur

Question 14

What does the capsule do during hip extension?

Answer 14

Pulls femoral head into acetabulum

Question 15

What are the 3 ligaments that strengthen the capsule?

Answer 15

Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral

Question 16

What are the accessory ligaments?

Answer 16

Ligament of head of femur

Transverse acetabular ligament

Question 17

What shape is the iliofemoral ligament?

Answer 17

Y shapes

Question 18

What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament?

Answer 18

Protects hip superiorly + anteriorly

Prevent hyperextension

Question 19

What is the function of the pubofemoral ligament?

Answer 19

Protects hip anteriorly + inferiorly

Prevents over abduction

Question 20

What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament?

Answer 20

Limits extension

Question 21

What is the function of the transverse acetabular ligament?

Answer 21

Stabilises the head of the femur

Question 22

What is the function of the ligament of head of femur?

Answer 22

Stabilises head of the femur

Prevents excessive abduction

Question 23

Which muscles flex the hip?

Answer 23

Iliopsoas
Rectus femorus
Sartorius

Question 24

Which muscles adduct the hip?

Answer 24

Adductors
Pectineus
Gracilius
Obturator externus

Question 25

Which muscles extend the hip?

Answer 25

Gluteus maximus Long head of biceps femoris Semimembranosus Semitendinosus

Question 26

Which muscles abduct the hip?

Answer 26

Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus Tensor fascia latae

Question 27

Which muscles laterally rotate the hip?

Answer 27

``` Piriformis Superior gemellus Obturator internus Inferior gemellu s Quadratus femoris ```

Question 28

What nerves innervate the hip joint?

Answer 28

``` Anterior = femoral nerve Inferior = obturator nerve Superior = superior gluteal nerve Posterior = nerve to quadratus femoris ```

Question 29

What is the blood supply to the hip joint?

Answer 29

Deep femoral artery - medial circumflex femoral artery - lateral circumflex femoral artery Obturator artery - via ligament of head of femur