Hip and Pelvis Bony Flashcards by Heather Stephens

This type of treatment option is use of intramedullary rod, pins, prosthesis, or a fixed sliding plate, screws, wires

a. ORIF
b. arthroplasty
c. hemiarthroplasty
d. bucks traction

ORIF

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This type of treatment option uses prosthetic device for fracture of the femoral neck or head

a. ORIF
b. arthroplasty
c. hemiarthroplasty
d. bucks traction

arthroplasty

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This type of treatment option is only the prosthetic femoral head is implanted

a. ORIF
b. arthroplasty
c. hemiarthroplasty
d. bucks traction

hemiarthroplasty

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Bucks traction or skeletal traction is followed by use of cast brace can be described as

a. ORIF
b. arthroplasty
c. hemiarthroplasty
d. non surgical

non surgical

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How long does it take for a fracture to heal for an upper limb adult?

a. 8-12 weeks
b. 12-16 weeks
c. 3-4 weeks
d. 6-8 weeks

8-12 weeks

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How long does it take for a fracture to heal for a lower limb adult?

a. 8-12 weeks
b. 12-16 weeks
c. 3-4 weeks
d. 6-8 weeks

12-16 weeks

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How long does it take for a fracture in the upper limb of a child to heal?

a. 8-12 weeks
b. 12-16 weeks
c. 3-4 weeks
d. 6-8 weeks

3-4 weeks

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How long does it take for a fracture of the lower limb in a child to heal?

a. 8-12 weeks
b. 12-16 weeks
c. 3-4 weeks
d. 6-8 weeks

6-8 weeks

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What factors affect fracture healing?

tissue response
the patient
method of treatment

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_ fixation uses pins, screws, rods, plates and or/prosthesis to immobilize the fracture during healing

a. internal fixation
b. external fixation

internal fixation

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several small holes are drilled into the bone and metal pins are inserted through or into the bone

a. internal fixation
b. external fixation

external fixation

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Which type of fixation allows for early ambulation and exercise of the affected body part while relieving pain?

a. arthroplasty
b. internal fixation
c. external fixation

external fixation

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Which type of fixation is at risk for pin-tract infection that can lead to osteomyelitis?

a. arthroplasty
b. internal fixation
c. external fixation

external fixation

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What is the mechanism of injury of pelvic fractures?

compression, high speed collision, fall, direct blow

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What are the most common injury sites for a pelvis fracture?

a. the ilium
b. anterior pubis and anterior ischium
c. posterior pubis and posterior ischium
d. lateral pubis and lateral ischium

anterior pubis and anterior ischium

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What are associated risks with a pelvis fracture?

damage to overlying blood vessels and adjacent organs resulting in peritonitis, sepsis, infection, hemorrhage, shock

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List possible sequela from pelvic fractures

rupture of major arteries 
neurological damage 
sacroiliac injury or pain 
hip joint disruption
damage to GI structures

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what major artery is at risk of injury with a pelvic fracture?

a. obturator artery
b. brachial artery
c. femoral artery
d. gluteus artery

femoral artery

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During immobilization, motion is allowed depending upon the stability of the fracture (true/false)

true

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Femoral neck fracture prognosis depends on

location 
displacement
reduction
stability 
if it requires fixation

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A proximal femur fracture MOI is

a. trauma to the anterior side
b. trauma posteriorly
c. direct lateral impact
d. direct impact on the femur

direct lateral impact

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What are the most common injury sites for a proximal femur fracture?

neck
intertrochanteric
subtrochanteric

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What are the associated risks of a proximal femur fracture

a. nerve damage
b. soft tissue damage
c. hemorrhage
d. b and c

soft tissue damage

hemorrhage

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Fractures in the neck are usually due to

a. trauma
b. collision
c. congenital defects
d. decreased bone mineral density

decreased bone mineral density

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Femur neck fractures are commonly found in a. kids b. athletes c. elderly d. adults

elderly

Blood supply is not compromised with a neck fracture (true/false)

false | the fracture is intracapsular

What treatment is common for a neck fracture? a. THR or internal fixation b. external fixation c. immobilization d. therapy

THR or internal fixation

How are subcaptial fractrues treated?

internal fixation, screw and side plate or hemiarthroplasty

Subcapital fractures are common in what population a. children b. athletes c. elderly d. any age

elderly

How are intertrochanteric fractures treated? a. external fixation b. hemiarthroplasty c. arthroplasty d. screw fixation device

screw fixation device

Subtrochanteric fractures are common in what population a. elderly b. young c. adults d. athletes

young

Femoral shaft fractures are common in what population a. elderly b. children c. all age groups d. adults

all age groups

Which type of fracture involves significant trauma? a. subtrochnateric fractures b. intertrochanteric fractures c. subcaptial fractures d. femur fractures

femur fractures

Which type of fracture presents with immediate loss of function, pain, and deformity? a. subtrochnateric fractures b. intertrochanteric fractures c. subcaptial fractures d. femur fractures

femur fractures

Avascular Necrosis, infection, arthritis, dislocation, coxa vara/valga are potential complications with a. hemiarthroplasty b. arthroplasty c. ORIF d. external fixation

ORIF

A fracture of some component of the acetabulum occurs as the hip dislocates (true/false)

true

How do you treat a fracture-dislocation?

reduction of the fracture with traction and rest for 12 weeks

Patients with a fracture dislocation are not prone to re-dislocation (true/false)

false

What is the most common direction of hip dislocation associated with an acetabular fracture? a. anterior b. medial c. lateral d. posterior

posterior

Compression trauma or rotational trauma is most commonly the MOI for what type of injury? a. femur fractures b. intertrochanteric fractures c. fracture dislocation d. hip dislocation

fracture dislocation

This type of injury is a blunt force to bent knee when the hip is flexed a. compression trauma b. rotational trauma c. fall from a high surface d. MVA

compression trauma

This type of injury is a severe internal rotation of thigh with the hip partially flexed a. compression trauma b. rotational trauma c. fall from a high surface d. MVA

rotational trauma

List the associated risks with fracture dislocation

damage to the sciatic nerve | compromise of blood supply to head of femur

How is the hip dislocated? a. the neck moves away from the head of the femur b. the acetabulum separates from the femoral head c. the shaft pulls the head out of the acetabulum d. the femoral head moves out of the acetabulum

the femoral head moves out of the acetabulum

What position is the hip most commonly dislocated in? a. extension, adduction and internal rotation b. flexion, abduction and internal rotation c. flexion, adduction and internal rotation d. extension, abduction and external rotation

flexion, adduction and internal rotation

If a patients presents with extreme pain, obvious deformity and are unwilling to move the extremity they most likely a. fractured their acetabulum b. fractured the femur c. dislocated their hip d. fractured and dislocated their hip

dislocated their hip

Immobilization for hip dislocation is usually a. 2-3 weeks b. 3-4 weeks c. 4-6 weeks d. 5-7 weeks

4-6 weeks

This type of complication follows hip dislocation, fracture and chronic synovitis

avascular necrosis

What are the most common sites for stress fracture? a. neck of the femur b. head and neck c. acetabulum d. femoral shaft and neck

femoral shaft and neck

This type of pathology is idiopathic and is described as the femoral head slipping posteriorly and inferiorly a. legg-calve-perthes disease (LCPD) b. slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) c. femoral fracture d. hip dislocation

slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)

A young child has pain in the groin area, loss of IR, flexion and abduction, pain with AROM/PROM, they most likely have a. legg-calve-perthes disease (LCPD) b. slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) c. femoral fracture d. hip dislocation

slipped capital femoral epiphysis

SCFE is a problem with

the epiphysis plate

In what direction does the femoral head slip in SCFE? a. posteriorly and superiorly b. posteriorly and inferiorly c. anteriorly and inferiorly d. anteriorly and superiorly

posteriorly and inferiorly

This is defined as avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis and is a chronic condition that develops slowly in children a. legg-calve-perthes disease (LCPD) b. slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) c. femoral fracture d. hip dislocation

LCPD

LCPD is more common in girls (true/false)

false | boys

A young patient shows signs of pain in the hip or groin that radiates to the knee, limps, has decreased ROM and possible hip flexor tightness. They might have a. legg-calve-perthes disease (LCPD) b. slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) c. femoral fracture d. hip dislocation

LCPD

What are treatment options for LCPD?

rest/activity modification casting or bracing surgery PT to strengthen hip and maintain ROM

This is described as progressive deterioration of the articular cartilage and overgrowth of periarticular bone

degenerative joint disease

Degenerative hip changes develop _ to repetitive _, _, or _ injury

secondary trauma age acute injury

_ DJD is secondary to aging

primary (idiopathic)

_ DJD is a result of congenital abnormalities that alter biomechanics

secondary (traumatic)

signs and symptoms of OA

anterior groin pain radiation of pain into L1 and L2 dermatome stiffness after prolonged rest decreased ROM in extension, IR and loss of end range flexion antalgic gait and pain with ADLs

OA of the hip will show decreased ROM in (3)

extension, IR, loss of end range flexion

The clinical prediction rule for OA

self-reported squatting as an aggravating factor active hip flexion causing lateral hip pain scour test with adduction causing lateral hip or groin pain active hip ext causing hip pain passive IR of less than or equal to 25 degrees

Deterioration of the hip joint cartilage is defined as a. osteoarthritis b. rheumatoid arthritis c. traumatic arthritis d. non-union

osteoarthritis

inflammation in the lining of the hip joint is defined as a. osteoarthritis b. rheumatoid arthritis c. traumatic arthritis d. non-union

rheumatoid arthritis

arthritis resulting from physical injury to the hip joint is defined as a. osteoarthritis b. rheumatoid arthritis c. traumatic arthritis d. non-union

traumatic arthritis

What are the indications for THA?

``` osteoarthritis rheumatoid arthritis traumatic arthritis non-union AVN other problems - congenital hip dysplasia or SCFE ```

Hip and Pelvis Bony Flashcards

(68 cards)