Hip and Thigh: Bones and Muscles

Question 1

What is on the outer surface of the ilium?

Answer 1

the inferior, anterior and posterior gluteal lines

Question 2

What is the inner surface of the ilium?

Answer 2

the iliac fossa

Question 3

What divides the greater and lesser sciatic notches?

Answer 3

the ischial spine

Question 4

Which is anterior, the intertrochanteric line or the intertrochanteric crest?

Answer 4

the intertrochanteric line

Question 5

Where is the lesser trochanter?

Answer 5

posteromedial

Question 6

Where is the greater trochanter?

Answer 6

anterolateral

Question 7

What is the linea aspira?

Answer 7

the vertical line on the posterior femur

Question 8

What is the action of muscles of the gluteal region?

Answer 8

extend, rotate and abduct the thigh at the hip joint

Question 9

What is the role of the muscles of the gluteal region in locomotion?

Answer 9

minimise pelvic tilt

Question 10

What are the flexors of the hip?

Answer 10

muscles that arise from the posterior abdominal wall - iliopsoas

Question 11

What is the fascia lata?

Answer 11

a dense layer of investing fascia that surrounds the thigh and prevents outward bulging and promotes venous return

Question 12

What is the iliotibial tract?

Answer 12

a lateral thickening of the fascia lata that functions as a shared aponeurotic tendon for glut max and tensor fascia lata

Question 13

What is the action of tensor fascia lata?

Answer 13

flexes, abducts and medially rotates at the hip

Question 14

What is the origin of glut max?

Answer 14

the gluteal surface of the ileum and the dorsal surface of the sacrum

Question 15

What is the action of glut max?

Answer 15

extension and lateral rotation

Question 16

What is the insertion of glut max?

Answer 16

the iliotibial tract and the gluteal tuberosity of the femur

Question 17

In what movements is glut max used?

Answer 17

standing from sitting, walking up stairs, straightening from bending over

Question 18

What is the insertion of glut med and glut min?

Answer 18

greater trochanter

Question 19

What is the action of glut med and glut min?

Answer 19

abduction at the hip and medial rotation

Question 20

What is the origin of piriformis?

Answer 20

sacrum

Question 21

What is the insertion of piriformis?

Answer 21

greater trochanter

Question 22

What is the origin of obturator internus?

Answer 22

ischiopubic ramus and obturator membrane

Question 23

What is the insertion of obturator internus?

Answer 23

greater trochanter

Question 24

What is the origin of quadratus femoris?

Answer 24

ischial tuberosity

Question 25

What is the insertion of quadratus femoris?

Answer 25

intertrochanteric crest

Question 26

What are the muscles in the anterior compartment of the hip above sartorius?

Answer 26

illiopsoas and pectineus

Question 27

What is the action of pectineus?

Answer 27

flexes at the hip and adducts at the hip

Question 28

What is the action of sartorius?

Answer 28

flexion, abduction and lateral rotation at the hip and flexion at the knee - for sitting cross legged

Question 29

What is the action of the quadriceps?

Answer 29

extension at the knee (and rectus femoris also does flexion at the hip)

Question 30

What is the insertion of the quadriceps?

Answer 30

tibial tuberosity (via the patellar tendon)

Question 31

What is the origin of rectus femoris?

Answer 31

the AIIS and just above the acetabulum

Question 32

What is the origin of vastus lateralis and medialis?

Answer 32

the proximal femur

Question 33

What is the origin of vastus intermedius?

Answer 33

clothes most of the shaft of the femur

Question 34

What is the origin of sartorius?

Answer 34

ASIS

Question 35

What is the insertion of sartorius?

Answer 35

pes anserinus

Question 36

What are the muscles of the adductor compartment of the thigh?

Answer 36

adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis

Question 37

What is the origin of the adductor muscles?

Answer 37

inferior pubic ramus and ischial ramus

Question 38

What is the insertion of the adductor muscles?

Answer 38

the linea aspira (and the adductor tubercle for adductor magnus)

Question 39

What is the adductor hiatus?

Answer 39

the gap between the insertion of adductor magnus that acts as a passageway for vessels of the lower limb

Question 40

What is the origin of the hamstrings?

Answer 40

the ischial tuberosity (superficial components) and the posterior shaft of the femur (short head of biceps)

Question 41

What is the action of the hamstrings?

Answer 41

hip extensors (except short head of biceps) and knee flexors

Question 42

What is the insertion of biceps femoris?

Answer 42

head of the fibula

Question 43

What is the insertion of semimembranosus?

Answer 43

posterior surface of the medial condyle of the tibia

Question 44

What is the insertion of semitendinosus?

Answer 44

pes anserinus

Question 45

What is the insertion of gracilis?

Answer 45

pes anserinus