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Lower Limb > Nerves of the Lower Limb > Flashcards

Nerves of the Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

What spinal nerves make up the lumbar plexus?

A

ventral rami of L1-4

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2
Q

Where is the lumbar plexus formed?

A

within psoas major

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3
Q

Which nerves emerge from the lateral border of psoas major?

A

ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves, lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh and femoral nerve

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4
Q

Which nerve emerges onto the anterior surface of psoas major?

A

genitofemoral nerve

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5
Q

Which nerve emerges from the medial border of psoas major?

A

obturator nerve

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6
Q

What nerve roots are the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves?

A

L1

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7
Q

What is the cutaneous supply of the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves?

A

skin of the inguinal region and front of the scrotum (L1)

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8
Q

What is the motor supply of the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves?

A

lower most fibres of internal oblique and transversus abdominus

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9
Q

If the ilioinguinal and iliohypogastric nerves are cut what is the patient at risk of?

A

an indirect inguinal hernia

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10
Q

What are the nerve roots of the lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh?

A

L2,3

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11
Q

Where and how can the lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh be compressed?

A

as it goes under the inguinal ligament in pregnancy or obesity

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12
Q

Where does the femoral nerve travel?

A

in the gutter between iliacus and psoas

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13
Q

What are the nerve roots of the femoral nerve?

A

L2,3,4

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14
Q

What are the nerve roots of the genitofemoral nerve?

A

L1,2 (L1 is the femoral branch and L2 is the genito branch)

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15
Q

What does the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve supply?

A

the area of skin immediately beneath the inguinal ligament

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16
Q

What does the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve supply?

A

the spermatic cord

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17
Q

What nerve roots make up the sacral plexus?

A

S1-4

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18
Q

Where does the sacral plexus form?

A

on piriformis on the posterior wall of the pelvis

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19
Q

What is the lumbosacral trunk?

A

the nervous tissue that connect the lumbar plexus to the sacral plexus - contains part of L4 and all of L5

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20
Q

What is the motor supply of the femoral nerve?

A

quads, sartorius and pectineus

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21
Q

What is the sensory supply of the femoral nerve?

A

anteromedial thigh (via medial and intermediate cutaneous nerve of thigh) and medial side of knee, leg and ankle up to the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint (via saphenous nerve)

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22
Q

What is the articular supply of the femoral nerve?

A

hip and knee

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23
Q

Where does the femoral nerve divide into its terminal branches?

A

2.5cm below the inguinal ligament

24
Q

Where does the femoral nerve travel in the femoral triangle?

A

outside the femoral sheath lateral to the vascular structures

25
Q

What is the motor supply of the obturator nerve?

A

adductor muscles (+ pectineus - hamstring part of adductor magnus)

26
Q

What is the sensory supply of the obturator nerve?

A

inferomedial thigh

27
Q

What is the articular supply of the obturator nerve?

A

hip

28
Q

Where does the obturator nerve run in the thigh?

A

either side of adductor brevis

29
Q

What pain can be referred to the sensory area of the obturator nerve?

A

pelvic pathology

30
Q

What nerve supplies the skin over the back of the thigh?

A

posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh (branch of sacral plexus)

31
Q

What nerve roots make up the sciatic nerve?

A

L4,5 S1-3 anterior and posterior divisions

32
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve emerge in relation to piriformis?

A

beneath piriformis

33
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve divide and what does it divide into?

A

divides at the top of the popliteal fossa into the tibial and common fibular nerves

34
Q

What is the motor supply of the sciatic nerve?

A

hamstrings (all from the tibial branch except short head of biceps)

35
Q

What is the articular supply of the sciatic nerve?

A

hip

36
Q

What is the nerve supply of glut med and glut min?

A

superior gluteal nerve

37
Q

Where does the superior gluteal nerve emerge in relation to piriformis?

A

above piriformis

38
Q

What is the nerve supply of glut max?

A

inferior gluteal nerve

39
Q

Where does the inferior gluteal nerve emerge in relation to piriformis?

A

below piriformis

40
Q

Where does the posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh emerge in relation to piriformis?

A

below piriformis

41
Q

What nerve roots contribute to the tibial nerve?

A

anterior divisions of L4,5 S1-3

42
Q

What is the path of the tibial nerve?

A

travels down the back of the leg - beneath the fibrous arch of soleus, passes posterior to the medial malleolus, and divides into the medial and lateral plantar nerves

43
Q

What are the branches of the tibial nerve?

A

sural nerve, medial calcaneal, medial and lateral plantar nerves

44
Q

What is the motor supply of the tibial nerve?

A

posterior leg and sole of foot

45
Q

What is the sensory supply of the tibial nerve?

A

posterior leg (via sural nerve) and sole of foot (via medial calcaneal, medial and lateral plantar nerves)

46
Q

What is the cutaneous area supplied by the lateral plantar nerve?

A

the lateral sole of the foot and the lateral 1.5 digits

47
Q

What is the cutaneous area supplied by the medial plantar nerve?

A

the medial sole of the foot and the medial 3.5 digits

48
Q

What nerve roots contribute to the common fibular nerve?

A

L4,5 and S1,2 posterior divisions

49
Q

What is the path of the common fibular nerve?

A

runs medial to biceps, superficial to the lateral head of gastrocnemius, winds around the neck of the fibula, goes onto fibularis longus and then divides into terminal branches

50
Q

What are the branches of the common fibular nerve?

A

superifical and deep fibular nerves

51
Q

What is the sensory supply of the common fibular nerve?

A

upper lateral leg via the lateral sural cutaneous nerve

52
Q

What is the motor supply of the deep fibular nerve?

A

anterior compartment of leg, extensor digitorum brevis

53
Q

What is the sensory supply of the deep fibular nerve?

A

first toe cleft

54
Q

What is the articular supply of the deep fibular nerve?

A

ankle and foot

55
Q

What is the motor supply of the superficial fibular nerve?

A

lateral compartment of leg

56
Q

What is the sensory supply of the superficial fibular nerve?

A

lower lateral leg and dorsum of foot

57
Q

What is at risk in a fracture of the neck of fibula and what are the symptoms?

A

can damage the common fibular nerve - get foot drop - can’t dorsiflex and can’t evert

Lower Limb (9 decks)

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