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MSK > hip pathology > Flashcards

hip pathology Flashcards

1
Q

acetabulum

A

faces laterally, inferiorly, and anteriorly

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2
Q

labrum

A

inverted horseshoe shaped cartilage
enhances joint stability, decreased forces transmitted to articular cartilage, provides proprioceptive feedback
majorly avascular

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3
Q

femur

A

strongest and longest bone
2/3 of head covered in cartilage
head angled ant, sup, and med

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4
Q

ward triangle

A

point on femur of weakness of trabecular system, common site for osteoporotic fracture

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5
Q

iliofemoral ligament

A

strongest ligament in the body
limits range of hip extension
allows for maintenance of upright posture

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6
Q

pubofemoral ligament

A

tightens with extension and abduction

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7
Q

ischiofemoral ligament

A

tightens with internal rotation

injured more than the other hip ligaments

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8
Q

ligamentum teres

A

attaches femoral head to inf acetabular rim

tightens during adduction, flexion, and ext rotation

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9
Q

femoral triangle

A 
inguinal ligament
add longus
sartorius
iliopsoas and pectineus
femoral vein, artery, nerve
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10
Q

normal coxa

A

125

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11
Q

coxa vara

A
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12
Q

coxa valgus

A

> 140
increases length of LE
increase compressive forces to the joint
shortens moment arm of hip abductors

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13
Q

normal torsion angle

A

8-15

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14
Q

anteversion

A

> 15
end range ext rot
compensate with walking toe in

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15
Q

retroversion

A
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16
Q

open packed position of the hip

A

30 flexion
30 abduction
slight ext rot

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17
Q

closed packed position

A

max extension
internal rotation
slight abduction

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18
Q

capsular pattern

A

flexion=abduction=IR, slight loss extension, little to no loss in ER

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19
Q

hip flexion glide

A

post

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20
Q

hip extension glide

A

ant

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21
Q

hip abduction glide

A

inf

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22
Q

hip add glide

A

sup

23
Q

hip int rot glide

A

post

24
Q

hip ext rot glide

A

ant

25
Q

hip abduction glide with hip at 90

A

ant

26
Q

hip add glide with hip at 90

A

post

27
Q

hip int rot glide with hip at 90

A

inf

28
Q

hip ext rot glide with hip at 90

A

sup

29
Q

flex/ext needed for sit to stand

A

80

100

30
Q

flexion needed to climb stairs

A

60

31
Q

needed for descent of same stair

A

24-30

32
Q

flexion during late swing of gait

A

35-40

33
Q

ext during heel off

A

full ext

34
Q

X-ray of OA

A

bones will be closer together, cysts or fluid filled cavities form as cartilage destructs
increase bone density or uneven joints (bone spurs)

35
Q

OA pain

A

groin, buttock, thigh or knee
aching to sharp
C sign
stiffness

36
Q

capsular pattern

A

restriction flexion=abduction=IR, slight loss of extension, little to no loss ER
50 yo

37
Q

AVN

A

30-50 years old
pain in groin, proximal thigh or button
loss of ROM in all directions
CORTICOSTEROIDS, chemo, trauma

38
Q

most common cause mechanical hip symptoms

A 
labral tear (ant sup)
ant groin pain, thigh, medial knee, trochanteric or buttock pain
pain with active straight leg raise
pain at ends of ROM but no loss in ROM
clicking, catching, locking
39
Q

FAI

A

cam- femoral head has large radius
pincer- over coverage of acetablum
correlated with labral tears

40
Q

myositis ossificans

A

can occur post trauma
abnormal formation of bone between muscle fibers
PROM or stretching contradicted bc can tear

41
Q

one of the most common muscle injuries

A

hamstring

42
Q

adductor muscle injury

A 
pain in groin 
add mag and longus most common
increased pain with twisting
quick start and stop
pain with passive abduction and resisted adduction
43
Q

add gracilis injury resisted motion

A

leg straight

44
Q

add long/brevis resisted motion

A

hip 45

45
Q

pectineus resisted motion

A

hip 90

46
Q

iliopsoas injury

A

injury often from forced ext while it is actively flexing
pain with acceleration and high stepping
pain with resisted hip flexion, adduct

47
Q

gluteus medius injury

A

pain in button, lat hip, groin
tend gait
weakness

48
Q

sciatica

A

restricted in hip adduction, IR

positive FABER

49
Q

post lat hip approach precautions

A

no flex past 90
no adduction past midline
no internal rotation past neutral

50
Q

ant lat approach precautions

A 
may not have restrictions
no ext beyond neutral
no ext rot beyond neutral
no extreme abduction
no flexion past 90
51
Q

slipped femoral capital epiphysis

A 
slow onset
ant displacement of femoral neck
males 10-17 females 8-15
african americans > whites
knee, lower thigh, groin or medial thigh
dec int rot, abd, flex
may ONLY report pain in MED knee
52
Q

Legg Calve perthes disease

A 
increased density, fragmentation and flattening of epiphysis center
hip, knee, or groin pain
insidous onset
lower age range than SCFE 2-13 yo
males > female usually unilateral
53
Q

transient synovitis

A 
most common cause of sudden hip pain in children
2-12 yo males > females
lasts short time
only one limb
inflammation and swelling of the tissues
unknown cause

MSK (13 decks)

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