Histology of salivary glands and tonsils

Question 1

Name the 2 types of glands and state there function

Answer 1

1. Endocrine glands: Mainly secretes hormones, no ducts present, secreted from basal lamina
2. Exocrine glands: Secrete non-hormones, uses a duct system

Question 2

State the 3 groups of exocrine glands

Answer 2

1. Merocrine/ Eccrine- secretion from vesicles
2. Apocrine- pinched off, portion of cell is the secretion
3. Holocrine- mature cell dies and becomes secretory product

HAM

Question 3

Which category of secretory products is viscous and has carbohydrate rich products?

Answer 3

Mucous Glands

Question 4

Serous Glands are

Answer 4

Watery and has protein rich products

Question 5

Which category of secretory products has lipid products

Answer 5

Oil glands

Question 6

Describe salivary glands

Answer 6

Compound, tubuloacinar, merocrine, exocrine glands whose ducts open into the oral cavity.

Question 7

Function of Salivary Glands

Answer 7

Produces saliva to keep oral cavity moist and aid in digestion;
protection of microbes due to the presence if immunoglobin A

Question 8

What are the major salivary glands?

Answer 8

1. Parotid
2. Submandibular
3. Sublingual

Question 9

Where does secretory elements come from in the pathway of secretion

Answer 9

Portio terminalis or end pieces

Question 10

What are the steps for the pathway of secretion

Answer 10

Step 1: Secretory elements come from portio terminalis
Step 2: Then leads into series of intercalated disc
Step 3: Then lead to striated ducts
Step 4: Then lead to excretory duct
Step 5: Released into oral cavity

Question 11

Which cell type stains darkly due to Zymogen Granules

Answer 11

Serous (rounded nuclei towards base)

Question 12

How does mucous cells stain and why

Answer 12

Stains lightly; appears empty
flattened nuclei towards base

Question 13

Which gland is entirely serous

Answer 13

Parotid glands

Question 14

What type of cells does the submandibular gland contain

Answer 14

Serous and mucous (mixed)

Question 15

Which gland contains mucous cells

Answer 15

Sublingual gland

Question 16

What are Demilunes?

Answer 16

Crescent shaped cells attached to outer border of mucous acini

Question 17

Functions of Demilunes

Answer 17

Secrete lysozymes which break down bacterial wall
Offers antibacterial protection to oral cavity

Question 18

What type of cells are Demilunes

Answer 18

Serous secreting cells

Question 19

Name the types of tonsils

Answer 19

Palatine tonsil
Pharyngeal tonsil
Lingual tonsil
tubal tonsil

Question 20

What is the function of tonsils

Answer 20

forms the initial immunologic defense to inhaled or ingested pathogens

Question 21

Tonsils have the largest collection of lymphatic drainage. True or False?

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What type of epithelium lines the oral surface of the tonsils (palatine tonsil)

Answer 22

Stratified squamous non-keratinizing epithelium

Question 23

What type of epithelium lines the Pharyngeal tonsil?

Answer 23

Pseudostratified ciliated cuboidal epithelium

Question 24

What type of epithelium lines the Lingual tonsil?

Answer 24

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 25

Wat distinguishes the lingual tonsil from the palatine and pharyngeal tonsils on a histological slide

Answer 25

The presence of salivary glands

Question 26

Which type of tonsil has the most dense connective tissue

Answer 26

Palatine tonsil

Question 27

What is tonsilitis and why does it occur

Answer 27

Tonsilitis is the swelling of the tonsils due to a bacterial or viral infection.