Oral Cavity

Question 1

Name the 2 parts of the gum

Answer 1

Marginal or Free gingiva and attached gingiva

Question 2

Which nerve supplies the upper gum?

Answer 2

Superior alveolar nerve (labial aspect)

Question 3

Which aspect of the gum does the nasopalatine and lingual nerves supply?

Answer 3

Lingual aspect

Question 4

Which nerves supply the lower gum?

Answer 4

Mandibular and mental nerves

Question 5

State the 3 parts of the teeth

Answer 5

Crown, Neck and Root

Question 6

Describe the structure of a tooth

Answer 6

Pulp- centre
Dentine_ surrounds pulp
Enamel- surrounds denting
Cementum- calcified connective tissue covering surface if the root and provides medium for periodontal ligament fibres
Periodontal membrane- fleshy tissue between tooth and tooth socket

Question 7

State the types of teeth and there functions

Answer 7

Incisors- cutting teeth
Canines- holding and tearing teeth
Premolars- bicuspid tooth
Molars- grinding teeth

Question 8

Timeliness for the eruption of permanent teeth

Answer 8

First Molar- 6 years
Medial Incisors- 7 years
Lateral Incisors- 8 years
First premolar- 9 years
Second premolar- 10 years
Canines- 11 years
Second molar- 12 years
Third molar- 17-25 years (wisdom)

Question 9

Which nerves supply the upper teeth?

Answer 9

Post, Middle and Anterior Superior Alveolar Nerve

Question 10

Which nerve supplies the lower teeth

Answer 10

Incisive nerve which is a branch of the inferior alveolar nerve

Question 11

State the boundaries of the Oral Cavity Proper

Answer 11

Anterolaterally- Teeth and gums
Roof - Hard and soft palate
Floor- Tongue
Anteroinferiorly - Sublingual region
Posteriorly- Oropharyngeal isthmus
Lymphatic Drainage

Question 12

Name the 2 parts of the palate

Answer 12

Hard and soft palate

Question 13

What does the hard palate partition

Answer 13

Nasal and oral cavity

Question 14

Name the 2 divisions of the oral cavity and their divisions

Answer 14

Vestibule- Lips , cheek, teeth
Oral Cavity Proper- Tongue, Hard palate, Soft palate

Question 15

Name the boundaries of the vestibule

Answer 15

Anteriorly- Lips
Posteriorly- Teeth
Laterally- cheeks

Question 16

Which duct and glands ae found in the lateral border of the vestibule

Answer 16

Parotid gland aka Stenson Duct
Labial gland
Buccal gland

Question 17

The teeth is lined by mucous membrane; True or False?

Answer 17

True (except the teeth)

Question 18

What is the obicularis oris

Answer 18

Orbicularis oris is a complex circular muscle that surrounds the orifice of the mouth and forms the majority of the lips. It belongs to a large group of muscles of facial expression called the buccolabial group.

Action
Closes mouth, compresses and protrudes lips

Question 19

Epithelium of the skin

Answer 19

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 20

Epithelium on the interior aspect of the lip

Answer 20

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Question 21

The superior vermillion border is the same as the transitional zone; True or False

Answer 21

True

Question 22

The superior alveolar nerve is a branch of which nerve?

Answer 22

Maxillary nerve

Question 23

The inferior alveolar nerve comes from which nerve

Answer 23

Mandibular nerve

Question 24

Which nerve does the mental nerve arise from

Answer 24

Inferior alveolar nerve

Question 25

Posterior superior alveolar nerve supplies what?

Answer 25

Upper teeth

Question 26

In each quadrant of the teeth you have?

Answer 26

3 molars 2 premolars 1 canine 2 incisors ( central and lateral)

Question 27

What does hard palate separate?

Answer 27

It is the partition between the nasal and oral cavity

Question 28

Margins of the hard palate

Answer 28

Anterolateral margin- gum Posterior margin- soft palate Superior surface- Floor of nasal cavity Inferior surface- Roof of oral cavity

Question 29

What is the blood supply, vein and nerve of the hard palate

Answer 29

Blood supply- Greater palatine branch of maxillary artery Veins-- Pterygoid plexus of veins Nerves- Pterygoid ganglion

Question 30

Soft palate separates what

Answer 30

Separates nasopharynx from oropharynx

Question 31

List the 5 muscles of the soft palate

Answer 31

Tensor veli palatini Levator veli palatini musculus uvulae Palatoglossus Palatopharyngeus

Question 32

Name the origin, insertion and actions of the Tensor veli palatini

Answer 32

Origin- Auditory tube, base of skull Insertion- posterior part of hard palate Action- tightens the soft palate opens the auditory tube, equalizes the pressure between middle ear and nasopharynx

Question 33

Name the origin, insertion and actions of the Levator veli palatini

Answer 33

Origin- Inferior aspect of auditory tube, Inferior aspect of petrous temporal bone Insertion- Palatine aponeurosis Action- Elevates soft palate, Open the auditory tube

Question 34

Name the origin, insertion and actions of the Palatopharyngeus

Answer 34

Palatopharyngeus muscle is separated in an anterior and posterior fasiculus Origin: Anterior Fasiculus- Posterior part of hard palate Posterior Fasiculus- palatine aponeurosis Insertion- Lamina of thyroid gland Actions- Pulls up the wall of the pharynx shortens it during swallowing

Question 35

Name the origin, insertion and actions of the Musculus Uvulae

Answer 35

Origin- Posterior nasal spine Palatine aponeurosis Insertion- Mucous membrane of uvula Action- Pulls up the uvula

Question 36

Name the origin, insertion and actions of the Palatoglossus

Answer 36

Origin- Oral surface of palatine aponeurosis Insertion- Side of the tongue Actions- Pulls up the root of the tongue Approximates the palatoglossal arches Closing of the oropharyngeal isthmus

Question 37

Nerve supply for the muscles of the soft palate

Answer 37

Tensor veli palatini- Mandibular nerve (exception) All other muscles are innervated by: Pharyngeal plexus of nerves General sensory nerves- Middle and posterior palatine nerves Special Sensory- Lesser palatine nerves

Question 38

What is the blood supply to the muscles of the soft palate

Answer 38

Greater palatine branch of maxillary artery Ascending palatine artery Palatine branch of ascending pharyngeal artery

Question 39

What is the venous drainage for the muscles of the soft palate

Answer 39

Pterygoid and Tonsillar Plexus

Question 40

What muscles are involved in the Passavant's Ridge

Answer 40

Palatopharyngeal and Superior Constrictor Muscle.

Question 41

List the functions of the Passavants ridge

Answer 41

1. Isolates mouth from oropharynx 2. Separates nasopharynx from oropharynx during coughing and sneezing

Question 42

List the parts of the tongue

Answer 42

Root Tip/Apex Body Dorsum- Oral and pharyngeal parts

Question 43

List the types of papillae of the tongue

Answer 43

Circumvallate papillae Fungiform Filliform Foliate

Question 44

List the intrinsic muscles of the tongue.

Answer 44

Superior longitudinal Inferior longitudinal Transverse Vertical Aka VITS

Question 45

List the extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Answer 45

Genioglossus Hyloglossus Styloglossus Palatoglossus

Question 46

Which artery supplies the tongue

Answer 46

Lingual artery; N.B- Root of the tongue is supplied by the tonsillar and ascending pharyngeal arteries

Question 48

Venous drainage of the tongue

Answer 48

Deep lingual vein Lingual vein Common facial vein or Internal jugular vein

Question 49

Lymphatics do not accompany blood vessels in the tongue ; True or False?

Answer 49

True

Question 50

Sate the lymphatic drainage of the tongue

Answer 50

Tip of the tongue- Submental nodes Anterior 2/3 of the tongue- Submandibular nodes Posterior 1/3 of the tongue- Jugulo-omohyoid nodes

Question 51

Nerve supply to the tongue

Answer 51

Motor nerve supply- Hypoglossal nerve Cranial root of accessory nerve through the pharyngeal plexus Sensory nerves- Ant 2/3- Lingual and chordatympani nerve Post. 1/3- Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 52

Which muscle causes paralysis of the tongue if paralyzed

Answer 52

Genioglossus

Question 53

Which nerve causes paralysis to the tongue if injured

Answer 53

Hypoglossal nerve

Question 54

What does the sublingual region of the tongue consist of

Answer 54

Frenulum of the tongue Sublingual papilla Sublingual fold Lymphatics

Question 55

List some anamolies of the tongue

Answer 55

Ankyloglossia- Tongue tie (Sublingual frenulum attached at the tip of the tongue) Macroglossia Microglossia Bifid tongue (in the name)