Histology Of The Heart - Gerdes Flashcards
(31 cards)
Myocyte proliferation ceases shortly after __________
Birth
What are the 3 layers of the heart?
Endocardium
Myocardium
Epicardium
Endocardium
Endothelium Loose to dense connective tissue Purkinje fibers (deep)
Myocardium
Cardiac muscle (myocytes)
In loose connective tissue
Arterioles, capillaries, lymphatics
Epicardium
Fibroelastic connective tissue
Coronary arteries with vasa vasorum, coronary veins
Fat
Mesothelium
Which layer is most prominent in the atria?
Endocardium
Which later is fat found?
Epicardium
Skeletal muscle
Strong, quick, discontinuous, voluntary contraction
Cardiac muscle
Strong, quick, continuous, involuntary contraction
Smooth muscle
Weak, slow, involuntary contraction
Intercalated discs (in myocytes)
Join cells, help synchronize myocyte contraction by allowing electrical coupling with relatively unrestricted ionic passage across the membranes of adjoining cells
Cardiac muscle
Is specialized striated muscle. Has more mitochondria (25-35% of cell) than skeletal muscle (3-5%) and is very dependent on aerobic metabolism
Cardiac hypertrophy
Increase myocyte diameter leads to wall thickening.
Increase myocyte lengthening from series sarcomere addition -> chamber dilation
Papillary Muscles
Finger like projections from the inner surface of the heart connecting to chordae tendinae
Parallel myocytes and capillaries from the core
Covered by endocardium on the surface
Has been used by animal physiologists to study cardiac muscle function in vitro
Epicardium has a layer of __________ cells on the outer surface of the heart with underlying connective tissue
Mesothelial cells
Blood vessels and nerves which supply the heart are present in the ____________
Epicardium
The epicardium is largely composed of ______________ which acts as cushion to the pericardial cavity
Adipose tissue
AV valves are also called ______
Mitral (left)
Tricuspid (right)
Aortic and pulmonary values are also called
Semilunar
Area between valves is called ________
Trigone
You find dense, fibrous connective tissue surrounding the 4 major valves, in the trigone, and in the __________
Interventricular septum
What lines valves?
Simple squamous epithelium on both sides with dense connective tissue core
Chordae tendinar
Dense connective tissue core covered by endothelium
Cardiac conduction system
Electrical impulses generated at the SA node, group of specialized cardiac muscle cells present near the junction of superior vena cava and right atrium
“Pacemaker” of the heart 60-100 bpm