Histology slides interpretation

Question 1

What is chronic hyperplastic candiosis ?

Answer 1

Presents as a white patch at the commissure of the mouth

Question 2

What is the histological features present in hyperplastic candiosis?

Answer 2

• immune cell infiltrate (neutrophils , macrophages and lymphocytes)
• mitotic figures
• candida hyphae
• dysplasia

Question 3

What is mild epithelial dysplsia?

Answer 3

• architectural changes in the basal third of epithelial thickness
• nuclear normalities
• mild hyperchromatism
• mild pleomorphism
• orthokeratosis - keratinisation with no nuclei present
  -Mild atypia

Question 4

What is the brown staining on a microscopy slide in the epithelium?

Answer 4

• melanocytes - these can be increasingly produced by smoking

Question 5

What is the signs of severe dysplasia in a histological slide?

Answer 5

• architechtural changes to the top third of the epithelium
• Severe atypia
• mitotic figures in the top third of the epithelium

Question 6

What do we call it when there is loss of epithelium in the stratum corneum layer?

Answer 6

ulcer

Question 7

What happens where there is thinning of epithelium?

Answer 7

present as red clinically

Question 8

What is parakeratosis?

Answer 8

incomplete maturation of peidermal keratinocytes (retained nuclei)

Question 9

What is orthokeratosis?

Answer 9

thickening of the keratin layer

Question 10

What are the histological findings in lichen planus?

Answer 10

• band of lymphocytes under basal layer
• lymphocytes travel up in the epithelium
• apoptotic bodies (dead cells surrounded by bubble like figures)
• destruction of basal cell layer
• thinning of epithelium

Question 11

What are the histological finding in oral cancer?

Answer 11

mitotic figures and big cells
Severe Atypia
Hyper chromatism
pleomorphism

Question 12

What is pleomorphism?

Answer 12

changes and irregularities in cells of the same type

Question 13

Describe the 11 histopathological features of epithelial dysplasia

Answer 13

• increased abnormal mitoses (may occur upper in the epithelium)
• Basal cell hyperplasia (drop shaped rete pegs)
• Disturbed polarity of the basal cells (cells have no defined long axis)
• alteration in the cytoplasmic/nuclear ratio
• Hyperchromatism
• prominent and enlarged nuclei
• pleomorphism
• Disturbed maturation
• Abnormal keratinisation within stratum spinosum
• loss of intercellular adhesion