Safegaurding children

Question 1

What are the contributing factors for child abuse ?

Answer 1

1.Adults -
drug abuse
unemployment
mental illness
isolation
2.Child -
crying
unwanted pregnancy
wrong gender
failed expectations
3. poverty dysfunctional families

Question 2

What are the catagories of child abuse?

Answer 2

physical
emotional
neglect
sexual

Question 3

What are the markers of neglect?

Answer 3

• the child needs
• basic needs like nutrition, clothing , hygiene and education

Question 4

How can you spot the effect of neglect on a child?

Answer 4

in appropriate clothing, dirty fingers , late presentation of pain

Question 5

What are the short term damage from beglect?

Answer 5

• physical health
• emotional health
• social development
• cognitive development

Question 6

What are the long term damage from neglect ?

Answer 6

• arrest
• suicide attempts
• major depression
• diabetes
• heart disease

Question 7

Who are vulnerable children?

Answer 7

• under the age of 5
• irregular atttenders , attend in pain
• medical problems and disabilities
• children who are looked after

Question 8

What is the definition of dental neglect?

Answer 8

the persistent failure to meet a child’s basic oral health needs that may lead to serious impairment of a child’s oral or general health or development

Question 9

What is the indicators of child dental neglect?

Answer 9

• obvious dental disease
• impact on the child
• practical care offered but child has not returned for treatment

Question 10

What guidelines would you refer to to manage dental neglect?

Answer 10

BDA : child protection and the dental team

Question 11

What is the first stage in managing neglect?

Answer 11

preventive dental team management
- raise concern with parent
- offer support
- set targets
- keep records and monitor progress

Question 12

What is the second stage in managing dental neglect?

Answer 12

preventive multi-agency management
- lialise with other proffessionals ( school nurse, health visitor or GP) to look for any shared concerns
- check if child is within a protection plan
- agree at joint plan of action (review a different intervals)
- Send letter to health visitor for children under 5 who fail appointment and have failed to respond to letter from dental practice

Question 13

What is the third stage in managing dental neglect?

Answer 13

Refer to child protection
- in complex or deteriorating situations
- follow local guidelines
- refer to social service
- usually by telephone and then by writing

Question 14

What are the two types of child abuse?

Answer 14

• Chronic : no remorse or compassion
• Acute : like shaking that happened out of a spontaneous reaction

Question 15

What are the types of injury in physical abuse?

Answer 15

• head injuries
• burns
• body injuries

Question 16

what are the extraoral signs of physical abuse?

Answer 16

• bruising of face
• brusing of ears
• burns and bites
• eye injuries
• hair pulling
• face fractures

Question 17

What are the intraoral signs of child physical abuse?

Answer 17

• burns
• tooth trauma
• bruises
• frenal injuries

Question 18

What can you see on the body of a child who has physical abuse?

Answer 18

• bruises
• skin lesions
• abdominal trauma
• fractures

Question 19

What would make you suspect during the appointment that the child can be going through abuse?

Answer 19

• delay in seeking help
• history of previous injury
• vague story without detail
• account is not compatible with injury
• parents mood is abnormal
• child interaction with parent is abnormal
• child may say something contradictory

Question 20

What questions you might ask when suspecting an injury?

Answer 20

• how did the injury happen
• does the explanation fit the clinical findings?
• are there good reasons for delay in seeking help?

Question 21

What guidelines are there for child protection?

Answer 21

• getting it right for every child
• national guidance of child protection 2014
• children and young adults act
• BDA : child protection and the dental team