Histology: Study of Tissues

Question 1

What is Epithelial Tissue?

Answer 1

Tissues make up the outer layer of organ surfaces
Made for protection, secretion, and absorption

Question 2

What is Connective Tissue?

Answer 2

Tissue used to support, bind, and protect organs
ex. Tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone etc

Question 3

What is Nervous Tissue?

Answer 3

Tissue made up of excitable cells made for rapid communication of information
ex. brain, spinal cord, nerves

Question 4

What is Muscular Tissue?

Answer 4

Tissue composed of cells that specialized for contraction
ex. skeletal muscles, heart, etc

Question 5

Epithelial Tissue

Name the characteristics of Epithelical Tissue

Answer 5

• One or more layers
• form surfaces
• basement membrane
• basal and apical surfaces

Question 6

Epithelial Tissue

What are the classes and cell types of Epithelial Tissue?

Answer 6

Classes of Epithelial Tissue:
- Simple
- Stratified

Cell Shapes of Epithelial Tissue:
- Squamous
- Cuboidal
- Columnar

Question 7

Tissue Idenification

What Tissue is this?

Answer 7

Simple Squamous Epithelial Tissue

Question 8

Tissue Idenitifcation

What Tissue is this?

Answer 8

Simple Cuboidial Epthelial Tissue

Question 9

Tissue Identification

What Tissue is this?

Answer 9

Simple Columnar Epthelial Tissue

Question 10

Tissue Idenitification

What Tissue is this?

Answer 10

Stratified Squamous Epithelium - Keratinized

Question 11

Tissue Idenitification

What Tissue is this?

Answer 11

Stratified Squamous Epithelium - Nonkeratinized

Question 12

Tissue Idenitification

What Tissue is this?

Answer 12

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Question 13

Name the functions of Connective Tissue

Answer 13

• Binding and support of Organs
• Physical and Immune support
• movement
• storage
• heat transport
  ex. Tendons, ligaments, cartilage, bone etc

Question 14

Cells of Fibrous Connective Tissue

What are Fibroblasts?

Answer 14

Produce Fibers and Ground substance

Question 15

Cells of Fibrous Connective Tissue

What are Macrophages?

Answer 15

They eat bacteria and debris

Question 16

Cells of Fibrous Connective Tissue

What are Leukocytes?

Answer 16

White Blood Cells

Question 17

Cells of Fibrous Connective Tissue

What are Plasma Cells?

Answer 17

They produce antibodies

Question 18

Cells of Fibrous Connective Tissue

What are Adipocytes?

Answer 18

Fat Cells

Question 19

Fibers of Fibrous Connective Tissue

What are Collagenous Fibers?

Answer 19

Tough and flexible
(White Fibers of tendons and ligaments)

Question 20

Fibers of Fibrous Connective Tissue

Reticular Fibers

Answer 20

thin collagen fibers
(framework of spleen and lymph nodes)

Question 21

Fibers of Fibrous Connective Tissue

Elastic Fibers

Answer 21

stretch and recoil
(elastin protein is abundant in lungs).

Question 22

Tissue Idenitification

Name this Tissue and identify it’s structures

Answer 22

Areolar Loose Connective Tissue: abundant, binds epithelia to deeper tissue

Question 23

Tissue Idenitification

Name this Tissue and identify it’s structures

Answer 23

Reticular Loose Connective Tissue
(Located in lympathtic organs)

Question 24

Tissue Identification

What kind of Connective Tissue is this?

Answer 24

Regular Dense Connective Tissue
- Fibers are highly organized
- mainly composed of fibroblasts
- Located in tendons and ligaments
- Has elastic properties

Question 25

# Tissue Identification What kind of Connective Tissue is this?

Answer 25

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue - unorganized fibers - resists stress - most of dermis

Question 26

# Tissue Identification Name this Tissue

Answer 26

Adipose Tissue - fatty tissue - stores energy - protection

Question 27

What makes up Cartilage? Name the subtypes

Answer 27

Chondro**blasts**: cells that secrete cartilage matrix Lacunae: small cavity surrounding a chondrocyte Chondrocytes: cartilage cells in lacunae Subtypes: Hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage

Question 28

# Tissue Identification What Tissue is this?

Answer 28

Hyaline Cartilage

Question 29

# Tissue Identification What Tissue is this?

Answer 29

Elastic Cartilage

Question 30

# Tissue Identification What is this Tissue?

Answer 30

Fibrocartilage

Question 31

Name all the following parts found in bone - Central canal - Lamellae - Osteon - Osteocytes - Canaliculi - Periosteum

Answer 31

Question 32

Name all the cells found in Blood

Answer 32

-Platelets - Red Blood Cells - White Blood Cells

Question 33

What are parts of the cell that make up Nervous Tissue?

Answer 33

- Axon - Neurosoma - Dendrites

Question 34

Locate the parts that make up the Nervous Tissue

Answer 34

Question 35

What makes up Skeletal Muscular Tissue?

Answer 35

- Muscle Fibers - Striations - Voluntary movement

Question 36

What makes up Cardiac Muscular Tissue?

Answer 36

- Cardiomyocytes - Striations - Intercalated Discs - Involuntary movement

Question 37

What makes up Smooth Muscule Tissue?

Answer 37

- Fusiform myocytes - non-striated - Involuntary movement

Question 38

What Tissue is this? What are it's parts?

Answer 38

Skeletal Muscular Tissue

Question 39

What Tissue is this? What are it's parts?

Answer 39

Cardiac Muscular Tissue

Question 40

What Tissue is this? What are it's parts?

Answer 40

Smooth Muscle Tissue

Question 41

What are the two types of glands? And what do they do?

Answer 41

Endocrine Glands: Secretes hormone into blood Exocrine Glands: Uses Ducts to secrete body surfaces or cavity

Question 42

Types of Exocrine Secretion glands

Answer 42

Serous Glands: Secrete thin, watery fluids Mucous Glands: secrete mucin that absorbs water to form mucus Mixed Glands: secrete a mix of watery and mucus secretions

Question 43

Methods of Exocrine Secretion

Answer 43

Eccrine Glands: - Exocytosis - Tear glands, pancreas, gastric glands, etc Apocrine Glands: - Droplets bud from surface - Mammary and Axillary Glands Holocrine Glands: - Entire Cell - Oil-producing glands of scalp and eyelid

Question 44

What are the 3 Membranes of the Skin?

Answer 44

Cutaneous Membrane - Largest Membrane, Skin Mucous Membrane - line passageways to opening - Epithelium - Lamina Propria: Areolar CT - Muscularis Mucosae: Smooth Muscle Layer Serous Membrane - Simple Squamous - Produces serous fluid

Question 45

# Tissue Growth and Development What are the 3 growths of Tissue?

Answer 45

Hyperplasia - Cell multiplication Hypertrophy - Enlargement of the Cells Neoplasia - Tumor Development

Question 46

# Tissue Growth and Development What are the 2 Changes of Tissue?

Answer 46

Differentation: Specialization of form or function Metaplasia: Change from one tissue to another

Question 47

# Tissue Repair and Death What are the two ways tissue can repair themselves?

Answer 47

Regeneration - replacement of dead cells Fibrosis: scar tissue development

Question 48

# Tissue Repair and Death What are the 3 ways that cause Shrinkage and Death of cells?

Answer 48

Atrophy - Reduction in size or number Apoptosis - programmed cell death Necrosis - pathological death of tissue - Infarction: cut of blood supply - Gangrene: insuffient blood supply (necrosis)

Question 49

What are the three types of Muscluar Tissue?

Answer 49

Skeletal Muscular Tissue: Cardiac Muscular Tissue: Smooth Muscular Tissue: