Historic environment ; Hardwick Hall, Derbyshire

Question 1

What are the four factors?

Answer 1

extreme wealth
sign of changing times
new fashions, technologies and designs
powerful individual

Question 2

What are the factors of extreme wealth?

Answer 2

tapestries
carpets
marble work
staircase

Question 3

What are the factors of new fashions, designs and technologies?

Answer 3

lead
staircase
Italian Renaissance

Question 4

What are the factors of powerful individual?

Answer 4

portraits
approach
layout
Great Hall

Question 5

What was the preference of design in the Elizabethan era?

Answer 5

symmetry

Question 6

How were Great Halls changed?

Answer 6

more practical
warmer
fireplaces - less smoky

Question 7

What became less fashionable during the Elizabethan era?

Answer 7

internal courtyard

Question 8

What did the external courtyard at Hardwick Hall mean for the design?

Answer 8

double or triple piles

Question 9

Who was the architect at Hardwick Hall?

Answer 9

Robert Smythson

Question 10

What type of paintings were popular in the Elizabethan era?

Answer 10

dynastic paintings

Question 11

Where were long galleries positioned?

Answer 11

top floor

Question 12

What did the positioning of Long Galleries on the top floor mean?

Answer 12

masterly view of geometric gardens

Question 13

What was used on staircases to make them bigger?

Answer 13

timber

Question 14

How did the use of timber on staircases change them?

Answer 14

larger
grander
more open

Question 15

Why was there increased lead production?

Answer 15

technological advancements

Question 16

How did increased lead production change architecture?

Answer 16

double and triple piles

Question 17

What did the owner use the Great Hall for?

Answer 17

public life

Question 18

What was new about gardens?

Answer 18

substantial
relaxing

Question 19

How did a household reflect the Divine plan?

Answer 19

social codes
divisions of space

Question 20

Why was the entrance hall large?

Answer 20

impress visitors with size

Question 21

What did cultivated gardens include?

Answer 21

aviaries
fishponds
streams
artificial lakes
orchards

Question 22

How was the house layed out?

Answer 22

processional route

Question 23

What decorated the walls?

Answer 23

tapestries
panelling

Question 24

What was used throughout the house to show legacy?

Answer 24

heraldry

Question 25

Who did Bess have portraits of?

Answer 25

Queen family herslef

Question 26

Who was an Italian architect?

Answer 26

Sebastian Serlio

Question 27

How did Bess incorporate court tastes?

Answer 27

deeply allusive and metaphorical imagery

Question 28

Where did Bess have portraits of Queen and family?

Answer 28

Lower Great Chamber

Question 29

Where was marble used on the house?

Answer 29

chimney

Question 30

Where were the best rooms located?

Answer 30

top floor

Question 31

How did Hardwick Hall ensure symmetry in the windows?

Answer 31

internal chimney flues

Question 32

What was Bess' title?

Answer 32

Countess of Shrewsbury

Question 33

What part of Bess' estate produced the lead and glass?

Answer 33

Wingfield

Question 34

What were the shapes of rooves like?

Answer 34

M shaped V shaped

Question 35

How much had lead production increased by in 1600?

Answer 35

ten times more than 1570

Question 36

Why was it a changing times?

Answer 36

end of feudal era internal rebellions Golden Age rise of gentry

Question 37

What style was shown at Hardwick Hall?

Answer 37

Flemish style

Question 38

Where was Flemish style shown at Hardwick Hall?

Answer 38

roof features

Question 39

What did the gentry aim to do?

Answer 39

secure their legacy

Question 40

Who was the marble worker?

Answer 40

Thomas Accres

Question 41

What influence did Thomas Accres have?

Answer 41

Dutch fashion and design

Question 42

Who was the plasterer?

Answer 42

Abraham Smith

Question 43

Who was the painter?

Answer 43

John Ballechouse

Question 44

What influence did John Ballechouse have?

Answer 44

French, Italian Renaissance

Question 45

Where had Robert Smythson worked before?

Answer 45

Longleat Wollaton

Question 46

Give examples of tapestries at Hardwick Hall

Answer 46

Gideon tapestries Noble Women tapestries

Question 47

Give examples of tapestries at Hardwick Hall

Answer 47

Gideon tapestries Noble Women tapestries

Question 48

Who did Bess by the Gideon tapestries from?

Answer 48

Christopher Hatton - replaced Hatton crests

Question 49

Who did Bess by the Gideon tapestries from?

Answer 49

Christopher Hatton - replaced Hatton crests