History 15mk trigger words Flashcards
Political turmoil was the most serious consequence of the T.O.V for Germany up to 1923
for:
Spartacists (Left-wing threat to Weimar)
Kapp Putsch (Right-wing coup attempt)
Ruhr Crisis (led to hyperinflation)
Versailles anger (extremism grew)
Against:
Golden Twenties recovery (economic/political recovery later)
The League’s response to Manchuria was surprising
for:
Delay (Lytton Report took over a year)
Weak sanctions (no real punishment)
Japan ignored the League (withdrew in 1933)
Britain & France self-interested (trade over action)
Against:
No army (so League’s weakness wasn’t surprising)
How well did the League deal with disputes in the 1920s?
for:
Aaland Islands (peaceful resolution)
Upper Silesia (successful plebiscite)
Bulgaria (quick, peaceful resolution)
Against:
Vilna failure (Poland kept land despite protests)
Night of the Long Knives most important in Hitler’s consolidation of power?
for:
Removed SA threat (Röhm and others purged)
Won army support (SA gone = army loyalty)
Intimidated rivals (boosted Nazi fear factor)
Against:
Enabling Act (legal power to pass laws alone came earlier)
Main reason Nazis gained support = promise of jobs?
for:
Job promises in Depression (6M unemployed)
Strong propaganda (Goebbels’ messaging)
Fear of communism (Nazis seen as protectors)
Against:
Hitler’s charisma & speeches (personal appeal mattered too)
How important were Wilson’s 14 Points in Versailles Treaty?
for:
League of Nations included
Some self-determination (e.g. Poland)
Disarmament of Germany
Inspired international ideals
Against:
Harsh Treaty terms contradicted points
Wilson overruled by France/Britain
League failed due to member behavior, not structure?
for:
Britain/France weak (selfish, lacked commitment)
Japan & Italy aggressive (ignored League rules)
US absence (weakened legitimacy)
Against:
No army (structural flaw)
Unanimous votes slowed decision-making
Hyperinflation caused by reparations?
for:
Reparations too high (£6.6 billion)
Germany printed money to pay
Ruhr Crisis (strike response worsened inflation)
Against:
Poor economic planning (internal decisions also worsened it)
The T.O.V was unfair
for:
War guilt clause (blamed Germany fully)
Harsh reparations (economic strain)
Military reductions (vulnerable Germany)
Against:
Brest-Litovsk harsher (Germany’s own earlier treaty)
Germany caused war damage → deserved penalty
Wilson got what he wanted at Versailles?
for:
League of Nations created
Poland and some new nations formed
Disarmament included
Against:
Harsh terms contradicted his goals
Britain and France dominated outcomes
US Senate rejected Treaty
League of Nations was a success?
for:
Aaland & Bulgaria crises solved
Health Organisation helped globally
Stopped minor wars in 1920s
Against:
Failed in Manchuria & Abyssinia
Weak without US, no army or sanctions
Was German criticism of the Treaty justified?
for:
War guilt = humiliation
Economic damage (reparations)
Military weakened too far
Against:
Treaty wasn’t as harsh as Brest-Litovsk
Germany had caused major war damage
The League was doomed to fail from the start.
for:
No army – couldn’t enforce decisions, relied on others (weak structure).
Unanimous decisions – made action slow and often impossible (ineffective design).
USA absence – strongest power didn’t join; lacked global legitimacy.
Victors’ club image – seen as punishing losers (especially Germany).
against:
Successes in 1920s – Aaland Islands, Upper Silesia show it could work.
Special Commissions – e.g., Health and Refugees achieved real progress.
The Weimar Republic was doomed from the beginning.
for:
Versailles Treaty – blamed for war, reparations = hated from birth.
Proportional representation – led to weak coalitions → unstable gov’t.
Extremist threats – left (Spartacists), right (Kapp Putsch) constantly attacked it.
“Stab in the back” myth – public felt betrayed, lost trust in democracy.
against:
Stresemann era recovery – economy + diplomacy improved 1923–29.
Cultural revival – Golden Twenties boosted morale, showed potential.
