History

Question 1

First written reference to wines of Bordeaux from whom?

Answer 1

Ausonius (310-393 AD)

Question 2

Bordeaux place name used by the Greeks and Romans

Answer 2

Burdigala

Question 3

Ancient vine mentioned by Pliny the Elder

Answer 3

Biturica

Question 4

Which tribe invaded and occupied Bordeaux for 100 years after fall of Rome?

Answer 4

The Visigoths

Question 5

By the 12th century Bordeaux made mostly red wine. True or false?

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Who married who in 1152?

Answer 6

Eleanor of Aquitaine married Henry Plantagenet

Question 7

Eleanor of Aquitaine and Henry Plantagenet married in what year?

Answer 7

1152

Question 8

Eleanor of Aquitaine annulled her marriage with who to marry Henry Plantagenet?

Answer 8

French King Louis VII

Question 9

Eleanor and Henry supposedly drank what on their wedding day?

Answer 9

Ch d’Issan

Question 10

Henry Plantagenet became King Henry __ of England

Answer 10

II

Question 11

Hundred Years War years

Answer 11

1337-1453

116 years

Question 12

Ships departing Bordeaux port were exempt from what? Why?

Answer 12

Grand coutume (export tax)
In-land port

Question 13

Middle Ages: ship journey from Bordeaux to UK took how long?

Answer 13

15 days

Question 14

1306-1307: How much Bordeaux shipped to UK?

Answer 14

900,000 hectolitres

24 million gallons

Question 15

225L barrique size regulation introduced in what year?

Answer 15

1854

Question 16

1 tonneau/ton = ____ pipes or butts

Answer 16

2 pipes or butts

Question 17

1 pipe = ___ barriques

Answer 17

2 barriques

Question 18

1 barrique = ___ cases of wine

Answer 18

25 cases

Question 19

1 barrique = ___ litres

Answer 19

225 litres

Question 20

Tonneau still in use in what region?

Answer 20

Alsace

Question 21

Haut-Pays encompassed which 4 regions?

Answer 21

Gaillac
Bergerac
Quercy (Cahors)
Nérac (Buzet)

Question 22

What was the Bordeaux Privilege?

Answer 22

Bordelais prohibited arrival of wines from Haut Pays from 8th September to 11th November. Sometimes 25th December. Protectionist measure which ensured healthy Bordeaux sales when English fleet arrived to collect wine for Christmas

Question 23

How did Haut Pays get around the Bordeaux Privilege?

Answer 23

Sailing down the Dordogne (entering Gironde below Bordeaux jurisdiction)
Sailing down Garonne to St Macaire, off loading and hauling to Bergerac and completing journey from there via the Dordogne

Question 24

Name the Earl of Shrewsbury who died in the battle of Castillon

Answer 24

John Talbot

Chateau Talbot

Question 25

Name the two forts built by French crown after hundred years war (derisive names given by Bordelais)

Answer 25

Chateau Trompette | Chateau du Ha

Question 26

What 2 styles of wine did the Dutch want?

Answer 26

Sweet whites for drinking | Dry whites for distillation

Question 27

3 impacts Dutch had on Bordeaux?

Answer 27

White wines (sweet and dry for EAU de vie) Drainage Sulphur dioxide

Question 28

Haut Brion constructed in what century?

Answer 28

1600s

Question 29

Bordeaux Privilege rescinded in what year?

Answer 29

1776

Question 30

Wine shipped in corked bottles for the first time in what century?

Answer 30

1700s

Question 31

Name the 480km long man made waterway connecting Bordeaux to the Mediterranean

Answer 31

Canal du Midi | Completed in 1775

Question 32

French Revolution in what year

Answer 32

1789

Question 33

Napoleonic era what years

Answer 33

1799-1815

Question 34

19th century: France built what connecting Bordeaux with other big cities?

Answer 34

Railroad

Question 35

Which Napoleon for 1855?

Answer 35

Napoleon III

Question 36

Oidium (powdery mildew) hit in what year

Answer 36

1852

Question 37

What cure was found for oidium (powdery mildew)?

Answer 37

Sulfur

Question 38

French ties with English re-established after what event?

Answer 38

Napoleon III coup d'etat | December 1852

Question 39

Powdery mildew (oidium) is a fungal disease native to where?

Answer 39

North America

Question 40

What does powdery mildew (oidium) do?

Answer 40

``` Blankets the vine with thick white filaments Reduces yields Affects pigmentation Affects size of grape Off flavours ```

Question 41

Downy mildew aka

Answer 41

Peronospera

Question 42

Phylloxera arrived in what year

Answer 42

1865

Question 43

Peronospera aka

Answer 43

Downy mildew

Question 44

What does downy mildew (peronospera) do?

Answer 44

``` Fungus disease Germinates in warm humid weather Attacks leaves and stems with "oil spots" Then white cotton filaments Vine loses leaves Delay ripening or prevent ripening ``` Vine loses leaves!

Question 45

AOC plans interrupted by

Answer 45

World War I

Question 46

Co-op wineries entered Bordeaux scene after what event

Answer 46

World War I

Question 47

Who is the father of the AOC system

Answer 47

Joseph Capus

Question 48

Joseph Capus aka the father of what

Answer 48

AOC system

Question 49

Bordeaux AOCs delineated in what year

Answer 49

1935

Question 50

Name of Bordeaux's Weinführer

Answer 50

Heinz Bömers

Question 51

Heinz Bömers' family had owned which chateau prior to World War I

Answer 51

Smith Haut Lafitte

Question 52

Weinführer Heinz Bömers supposedly labelled vin ordinaire as what for Hermann Göring?

Answer 52

Mouton Rothschild

Question 53

Winter freeze of what year killed 1/4 of Bordeaux vines

Answer 53

1956

Question 54

Cité du Vin opened in what year

Answer 54

2016

Question 55

Total Bordeaux vineyard size

Answer 55

110,800 ha

Question 56

Bordeaux produces __% of all AOC wine in France

Answer 56

25%

Question 57

Bordeaux made a UNESCO World heritage site in what year

Answer 57

2007

Question 58

How many times has French government left Paris and moved to Bordeaux?

Answer 58

Three times 1870 1914 1940