History Chapter 18 Vocab

Question 1

Policy of giving in to an aggressor’s demands in order to keep peace.

Answer 1

Appeasement

Question 2

Opposition to all war.

Answer 2

Pacifism

Question 3

A series of acts passed by the U.S. Congress from 1935 to 1939 that aimed to keep the U.S. from becoming involved in WWII.

Answer 3

Neutrality Acts

Question 4

Group of countries led by Germany, Italy, and Japan that fought the allies in WWII.

Answer 4

Axis Powers

Question 5

A Spanish military leader who came power during the Spanish Civil War. He was a dictator of Spain from 1929 to1937, when he left his position as a premier. He continued to be head of state until his death in 1975.

Answer 5

Francisco Franco

Question 6

Union of Austria and Germany.

Answer 6

Anschluss

Question 7

A region of western Czechoslovakia

Answer 7

Sudetenland

Question 8

Born to British aristocracy and became prime minister for the British Empire in 1940. He early on proclaimed true threats posed by Nazi Germany.

Answer 8

Winston Churchill

Question 9

Agreement between Germany and Russia in 1939 in which the two nations promised not to fight each other and to divide up land in Eastern Europe.

Answer 9

Nazi-Soviet Pact

Question 10

Lighting war.

Answer 10

Blitzkrieg

Question 11

Port in France from which 300,000 Allied Troops were evacuated when their retreat by land was cut off by the German advance in 1940.

Answer 11

Dinkirk

Question 11

German Air Force

Answer 11

Luftwaffe

Question 12

City in central France where a puppet state governed unoccupied France and the French colonies.

Answer 12

Vichy

Question 13

A career military officer and one of Hitler’s most successful generals. He took his own life after failed attempt to assassinate Hitler.

Answer 13

Erwin Rommel

Question 14

Longest serving American President. Focused on lifting America up out of the Great Depression during his first term. He successfully passed legislation, crafting a massive package of economic and social programs, called the New Deal. He inspired many during his third term through his leadership during the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and America’s subsequent entry into WWII.

Answer 14

Franklin Delano Roosevelt

Question 15

Act passed by U.S. Congress in 1941 that allowed the president (FDR) to sell or lend war supplies to any country who’s defense was considered vital to the United States.

Answer 15

Lend-Lease Act

Question 16

Agreement in which Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill set goals for the defeat of Nazi Germans and for the postwar world.

Answer 16

Atlantic Charter

Question 17

General of the Imperial Japanese Army and the 40th prime minister of Japan during most of WWII (1941 and 1945). He was directly responsible for the attack of Pearl Harbor, and was arrested and sentenced to death for Japanese war crimes.

Answer 17

Hideki Toko

Question 18

Detention center for civilians considered a enemy to the state.

Answer 18

Concentration Camps

Question 19

The systematic genocide of about six million European Jews by the Nazis in WWII.

Answer 19

Holocaust

Question 20

A place to burn corpses

Answer 20

Crematorium

Question 21

A group of three German concentration camps and extermination camps in southern Poland, built and operated during the Third Reich.

Answer 21

Auschwitz

Question 22

Victory in Europe Day, May 8, 1945, the day the Allies won WWII in Europe.

Answer 22

V-E Day

Question 23

During WWII, the forced march of Filipino and American prisoners of war under brutal conditions by the Japanese military.

Answer 23

Bataan Death March

Question 24

During WWII, Allied strategy of recapturing some Japanese-held islands while bypassing others.

Answer 24

Island Hopping

Question 25

Led the Allied assaults in the Southwest Pacific. He also commanded troops in World War I and the Korean War. He became a general and army chief of staff during the Depression.

Answer 25

Douglas MacArthur

Question 26

Japanese pilot who undertook a suicide mission.

Answer 26

Kamikaze

Question 27

Code name for the project to build the first atomic born during WWII

Answer 27

Manhattan Project

Question 28

The vice president of the United States when Roosevelt died and became the 33rd president upon his death. After being in office for only a few months, made the decision to drop atomic bombs on Japan.

Answer 28

Harry Truman

Question 29

City in Japan where the first atomic bomb was dropped in August 1945.

Answer 29

Hiroshima

Question 30

Japanese city; on an island in its harbor, the Tokugawa shoguns in the 1600s permitted one or two Dutch ships to trade with each year.

Answer 30

Nagasaki

Question 31

Series of war crimes trials held in Germany after WWII

Answer 31

Nuremberg Trials

Question 32

An international organization formed in 1945 at the end of WWII. Since then, its global role has expanded to include economic and social development, human rights, humanitarian aid, and international law.

Answer 32

United Nations (UN)

Question 33

Confinement during wartime

Answer 33

Internment

Question 34

Popular name for women who worked in war industries during WWII.

Answer 34

Rosie the Riveter

Question 35

Ship that accommodates the taking odd and landing of airplanes, and transports

Answer 35

Aircraft Carrier

Question 36

During WWII, he was the American general who commanded the Allied forces in Western Europe. “Ike” later served as the 34th president of the United States, from 1953-1961.

Answer 36

Dwight Eisenhower

Question 37

Now Volgograd, a city in Southwest Russia that was the site of a fierce battle during WWII

Answer 37

Stalingrad

Question 38

Code name for June 6, 1944, the day that Allied forces invaded France during WWII

Answer 38

D-Day