History ⏳ | German Depth: The path to Führer 🍷 | 6.2b

Question 1

Who was Ernst Röhm?

Answer 1

A WW1 captain and SA leader. He was arrested in the Munich Putsch.

Question 2

Who did Goebbels originally support?

Answer 2

Gregor Strasser, but he became loyal to Hitler after the Bamburg conference.

Question 3

Who was Hermann Göring?

Answer 3

A WW1 pilot also involved in the Munich Putsch, who became a reichstag deputy that helped Hitler make important contacts.

Question 4

Who was Heinrich Himmler?

Answer 4

The head of the SS from 1929 onwards, taking part in the Munich Putsch. He grew in influence after Hitler’s rise.

Question 5

Once Hitler became Chancellor, what limitations did he have to his power?

Answer 5

1. Hindenburg could sack him at any time
2. Hitler did not control the army
3. There were only 3 nazis in the 14 minister cabinet
4. The economy was still weak
5. Hitler didn’t have a majority of the Reichstag

Question 6

When Hitler became chancellor who were the three nazi ministers in the cabinet?

Answer 6

Hitler, Göring, and

“Wilhelm Frick”

Who names these children??

Question 7

Once Hitler was Chancellor, how was the SA affected?

Answer 7

With access to state resources, he was able to expand the activities of the SA with legal authority

Question 8

Once Hitler was Chancellor, what was the SA allowed to do?

Answer 8

Gangs of the SA were allowed to attack the offices of trade unions and the Communist Party (KPD), to break up the meetings of the SPD and the KPD and to attack the homes of left-wing politicians.

When SPD newspapers condemned this they were banned

Question 9

What was the name of the first concentration camp?

Answer 9

Dachau

Question 10

When was Dachau established?

Answer 10

Mar 1933

Question 11

What was Dachau used for, originally?

Answer 11

To send political opponents

Question 12

By the end of 1933, how many political opponents had been arrested?

Answer 12

100,000 opponents

Question 13

In order, what events took place in Hitler’s path to Führer?

Answer 13

1. The Reichstag Fire
2. The Enabling Act
3. Night of the Long Knives
4. Hindenburg's passing

its in orange cos i thought it would be cool… idk

Question 14

What was Hitler’s first act as chancellor?

Answer 14

To call a new election, hoping to win Reichstag majority.

Question 15

Prior to the Reichstag Fire, how did Hitler condemn the KPD?

Answer 15

There was street fighting that had left 69 people dead. He blamed this on the KPD.

Question 16

When did the Reichstag burn down?

Answer 16

27 Feb 1933

Question 17

Who was blamed for the Reichstag Fire?

Answer 17

Dutch communist Marnius van de Lubbe, found at the scene

Question 18

Was the reichstag set on fire by communists?

Answer 18

Well, this is debated.
- Some historians said van de Lubbe was used as a scapegoat and the nazis started the fire themselves
- Or perhaps it was really done by a communist

Question 19

What agreement did Hitler persuade Hindenburg to sign after the events of the Reichstag Fire?

Answer 19

‘The Decree for the Protection of People and the State’

Question 20

What did the Decree for the Protection of People and the State allow for?

Answer 20

It allowed Hitler to cut individual rights, giving the government more rights

Question 21

Following the Reichstag fire, who was arrested?

Answer 21

• Hitler arrested KPD leaders for ‘attempting revolution’
• Hitler also arrested other poltical opponents so he could win the election

Question 22

Despite the nazi party support increasing after the Reichstag Fire, what was the party lacking?

Answer 22

• A majority in the Reichstag
• The ability to change constitution (needing 434 seats)

Question 23

Why was the Reichstag Fire significant?

Answer 23

• Hitler eliminated the most conflicting party: the KPD
• The political climate was set for the enabling act, where Reichstag support was needed

Question 24

When was the Enabling Act?

Answer 24

23 Mar 1933

Question 25

Where did the `Enabling` `Act` take place?

Answer 25

In the Kroll Opera House | Here, the Reichstag deputies met

Question 26

Where did the `Enabling` `Act` take place?

Answer 26

In the Kroll Opera House | Here, the Reichstag deputies met

Question 27

What did Hitler propose during the `Enabling` `Act`?

Answer 27

For Hitler to be able to pass new laws without interference from the Reichstag

Question 28

How did Hitler use terror during the `Enabling` `Act` to get what he wanted?

Answer 28

He surrounded the building with SA men

Question 29

During the `Enabling` `Act`, which parties supported the act proposed?

Answer 29

- The SPD opposed it - The DNVP supported it - The KPD was *banned* now - The Catholic Centre party was undecided, until Hitler gave them a... proposition: It was up to the center party to decide

Question 30

What fraction of the Reichstag was needed to change the constitution?

Answer 30

**2/3** majority

Question 31

How did Hitler convince the Catholic centre party to support the `Enabling` `Act`?

Answer 31

He promsed to support the Catholic Church and Catholic Schools, and the act was passed.

Question 32

Why was the `Enabling` `Act` significant?

Answer 32

Hitler now only needed Hindenburg's backing for decisions.

Question 33

When were opposition parties banned in Germany?

Answer 33

June 1933

Question 34

When were trade unions outlawed in Nazi Germany?

Answer 34

May 1933

Question 35

When was `The` `Night` `of` `the` `Long` `Knives`?

Answer 35

**30 June 1934**

Question 36

When trade unions were outlawed, what were workers represented by?

Answer 36

the 'Nazi-led German Labour Front'

Question 37

How many members did the SA have in 1934?

Answer 37

**2.5 million** members

Question 38

What did radical SA members expect after Hitler was Chancellor, in 1934?

Answer 38

They expected action against Jews, the ToV, and big business

Question 39

Why didn't Hitler appease radical nazis when he became Chancellor?

Answer 39

He knew it was too early to make any bold moves, in fear of angering big businesses or foreign governments

Question 40

What did Röhm say against Hitler that prompted the `The` `Night` `of` `the` `Long` `Knives`?

Answer 40

He felt that Hitler was too friendly with rich conservatives and had lost touch with ordinary nazis.

Question 41

How did Himmler's actions prompt `The` `Night` `of` `the` `Long` `Knives`?

Answer 41

Himmler hated Röhm and so claimed that he was planning a putsch, even forging evidence to prove it.

Question 42

How did Hitler set up `The` `Night` `of` `the` `Long` `Knives`?

Answer 42

He gave the SA a holiday in a hotel in Bavaria. Hitler travelled there with a group of SS men.

Question 43

What was the fate of Röhm after the `The` `Night` `of` `the` `Long` `Knives`?

Answer 43

Rohm was arrested and executed

Question 44

How many people were killed after `The` `Night` `of` `the` `Long` `Knives`?

Answer 44

**200** people.

Question 45

Who were the significant figures killed during `The` `Night` `of` `the` `Long` `Knives`?

Answer 45

Shleicher, Gregor Strasser, von Kahr, Ernst Rohm

Question 46

How were the murderous acts of `The` `Night` `of` `the` `Long` `Knives` legalised?

Answer 46

The cabinet issued a decree that said *'The measures taken on the 30th June and 1st and 2nd July to suppress the acts of high treason are legal, being necessary for the self-defence of the state'* | "Hitler had legalised murder"

Question 47

Why was the `The` `Night` `of` `the` `Long` `Knives` significant?

Answer 47

- The internal Nazi oppositon was stabilised - Murder was legalised *(for treason)*

Question 48

When was `Hindenburg's` `Passing`?

Answer 48

Aug 2, 1934

Question 49

What did `Hindenburg's` `Passing` give Hitler?

Answer 49

The position of president, in addition to Chancellor

Question 50

Why was `Hindenburg's` `Passing` significant?

Answer 50

It was Hitler's last obstacle to total power.

Question 51

Define Führer.

Answer 51

Someone with the position of president and chancellor at the same time | aka adolf hitler

Question 52

What % of Germany supported Hitler as Führer?

Answer 52

Over 90%

Question 53

After `Hindenburg's` `Passing`, what did the army do?

Answer 53

They swore an oath of allegiance to Hitler personally

Question 54

Did Hitler kill Hindenburg?

Answer 54

Nooooooo | nooooo definietly not ## Footnote *-nervous chuckle-*

Question 55

Define *Gau*

Answer 55

The name of the 35 different regions that Hiter split Germany into to have easier control

Question 56

Define *Gauleiter*

Answer 56

Leader of a Gau, responsible for winning support and spreading the message

Question 57

Define *Hitler Youth*

Answer 57

An organisation to teach young men nazi principles

Question 58

Define *Order of Germen Women*

Answer 58

A fusion of nazi and women's organisations who made women subordinate to the NSDAP

Question 59

Define *Nazi teacher's association*

Answer 59

An association where teachers were forced to teach Nazi propaganda.

Question 60

Define *Union of Nazi Lawyers*

Answer 60

German legal professionals in the third reich that lawyers were forced to join.

Question 61

Define *Gleichshaltung*

Answer 61

"co-ordination" Taking over or ‘coordinating’ as many aspects of German life as possible along Nazi lines so that the government had control of all key aspects of society.

Question 62

What holiday did the Nazis declare on the 1st March each year?

Answer 62

The day for international socialist labor

Question 63

What holiday did the Nazis declare on the 1st March each year?

Answer 63

The day for international socialist labour

Question 64

Why did the Nazis declare a holiday for international socialist labor?

Answer 64

This gave the impression to workers that the nazis were willing to accept and cooperate with trade unions.

Question 65

What did the nazis *really* use the day for international socialist labour for?

Answer 65

They used the holiday as an oppourtunity to: - Arrest opponents - Occupy trade union premises - Confiscate funds

Question 66

What did nazis replace trade unions with?

Answer 66

The German Labor front (DAF) under Robert Ley

Question 67

What was the DAF used for?

Answer 67

As an instrument of control, to remove worker rights such as negotiating wages and working conditions

Question 68

When was the SA banned?

Answer 68

22 June 1933

Question 69

When was the catholic centre party banned?

Answer 69

5 July 1933

Question 70

Which law in Nazi Germany established a one-party state?

Answer 70

*'Law against the Formation of New Parties'*

Question 71

When was the *'Law against the formation of new parties'* created?

Answer 71

14 July 1933

Question 72

What was the *Länder* system?

Answer 72

The federal structure in Weimar Germany where a large number of powers were each given control over smaller, regional governments.

Question 73

Why did Hitler dislike the *Länder* system?

Answer 73

The Länder system gave various German states degrees of independence, but Hitler wanted a strong unified Germany.

Question 74

How many *Länder* were there?

Answer 74

**17** Länder

Question 75

When did the Nazis pass a law replacing regional parliments with Nazi dominated assemblies?

Answer 75

31 Mar 1933

Question 76

When did the Nazis create 'Reich governers' who would oversee the governments of German states / Länder?

Answer 76

7 Apr 1933

Question 77

When did the Nazis abolish regional parliments?

Answer 77

30 Jan 1934

Question 78

What happened to state governments once regional parliments were abolished?

Answer 78

They were all formally subordinated to the central government

Question 79

Who did the nazis use to control local governments in Nazi germany?

Answer 79

The *Gauleiters*

Question 80

How did the Weimar civil service respond to the arrival of the Nazis?

Answer 80

As they were more conservative, they welcomed the arrival of the Nazis seeing it as a return to the authoritarian rule of the Kaiser

Question 81

How did the Nazis change Weimar civil service?

Answer 81

They replaced local officials with Nazi officials and placed party officials in government offices to ensure that the others followed Nazi orders.

Question 82

In October 1933, how many lawyers saluted the nazis?

Answer 82

**10,000** lawyers gave the nazi salute

Question 83

Why did the nazis initially give the Catholic Churches independence?

Answer 83

Hitler felt that this would reassure the church, *while* he was setting up the dictatorship.

Question 84

What did the concordant signed between the Papacy and Nazi regime agree on?

Answer 84

*Nazis guaranteed the Catholic Church religious freedom and full control over its own education and its property and legal rights*. The papacy in return said that they would not interfere in politics and would give diplomatic recognition to the Nazi government. | *sure*

Question 85

What were the key components of *Gleichshaltung*?

Answer 85

1. Trade unions 2. Political parties 3. Federal states 4. Civil service 5. Church

Question 86

When was the Law on Imposition and Enforcement of the Death Penalty enacted?

Answer 86

29 Mar 1933

Question 87

What did the Law on Impositon and Enforcement of the Death Penalty do? | ~~well its kinda in the name~~

Answer 87

It imposed the death penalty for crimes such arson and high treason, even via hanging.

Question 88

Why was the Law on Imposition and Enforcement of the Death Penalty implemented?

Answer 88

So that the nazis could legally kill all participants in the Reichstag fire (and create some terror)