History Test 3 Flashcards
(31 cards)
Iron Curtain Speech
Winstone Churchhill 1946 beginning of Cold War Churchill gives a speech in the US at a college graduation -
Truman Doctrine
the foreign policy of the US - dealing with communism and the soviet union up until 1991 when the soviet union fell - since we can’t get rid of communism in other countries it already exists in so we will stop the spread
Containment
to stop the spread of communism, the US does it in a couple of different ways
Marshall Plan
European recovery plan for the continent Europe It was in ruins many civilians were dead fighting in the European part of the war - the US offered 13 billion dollars to European countries to rebuild Europe - the US offers to every country in Europe including the ones under the soviet union - the soviet union does not allow them to take the money - because it says that communism is weak and relying on the US- a motive for the US giving these country money is to have them in the future the US wants to able to ask them for favor later in the future - and the US puts nuclear missile in the countries that border the soviet union
Philip Randolph
a civil rights activist -was thrown in prison in World War 1 because he is being borderline treasonist- in world war 2, he and others tried to get the military integrated- threatened a massive protest when he met with the president to protest a segregated military - makes a deal with Roosevelt and he wants to help him but it has to be at the end of the war - Roosevelt dies before the end of the war - Truman became president and no one knew where he stood on civil rights - randolph goes to Truman and basically says Roosevelt promised to integrate the military at the end of the war and Truman says nah because we are in the cold war now and Randolph does not take no for a answer and for 3 years he tried his best for it to happen and Truman finally does it
Executive Order 9981
Congress does not have to pass it, the president signs it, and it goes, “President Truman Wipes out segregation in armed forces.” they say the reason he passed the law was that he heard of a black man who was brutally attacked by a policeman and killed after he fought in the war - this does not mean it magically integrated the next day it took 7 years to fully integrate - the fully integrated military was used to fight the Vietnam war- Truman put himself on the line for that law - he is running the reelection most people thought that when Truman integrated the armed forces he already lost the re-election
Dixie Crats ( Storm Thurmond)
is at the time in 1948 governor of south Carolina he goes on to be the senator for 51 years later he was the leading voice against civil rights for the next 20-30 years he called for a Southern party and it was named “States Rights democrats” most people called them “Dixiecrats.”
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Kansas -named after Linda brown that had to walk a mile and pased white schools - may 17th 1954 unanimously 9 to nothing that segregated school were unconstitutional - says school have to integrate but doesnt say when or how and the white southerners say nah - and there is a second ruling in the supreme court where they TRY to make it clear and says “With all deliberate speed”- most places dont begin to integrate till 1960s
Rosa Parks
involved with civil rights since a teenager - she has been violently thrown off a bus before she knew what could happen - in every southern city busses were segregated every driver were white and police officer were also white plus every figure of authority in montgomery bus drivers were allowed to cary guns- Montgomery made every black person enter the bus in the front pay and then get out and enter from the back -in 1955 rosa parks is working as a seamstress in downtown birmingham she tried to not take the bus since she was man handled before but she got in the bus in the back - she didnt get up after being told and the police were called and they were kinda defending her but charges were pressed and she was sent to jail and released after paying a fine - this started a massive movement - people met together and putting a transportation boycott- it worked the day they tried it and they met up again an
Montgomery Bus Boycott
lasted 11 months - ends because the Supreme Court says the segregation on city buses - they start carpooling and ride shares services because many black people didn’t have cars and the people who did helped - the city of mongemray made carpooling illegal and they said more the two people in a car is illegal - after the boycott these civil rights schools open up in the south and people like Rosa parks will go to these school will teach and let them know what worked in alabama
Nixon and Kennedy debates
were the first televised debates in American history - the radio audience thought that Nixon had won the debate, but the largest audience of television viewers thought that Kennedy won - Kennedy wins the election - he does address speech and is of his famous speech
New Frontier
most ambisish domestic since Roosevelt’s new deal - massive federal funding for education, federal funding for medical care, and for the elderly medical care, the government was gonna halt the economic recession, promised to place the most massive civil rights bill since reconstruction he was assassinated so it was not accomplished
First Indo- China War
looks like France fight to keep their colonies - the US isn’t really aware or interested
Ho Chi Minh
the leader declares the northern part of Vietnam to be an independent communist country, changed world history now has become part of the Cold War - the foreign policy of the US is to stop the spread of communism, so the US is paying for 80% of Frances war efforts and has pumped billions of dollars into this war - by 1954 the french pull out of war since there are many deaths
Geneva Accords
Meet in Switzerland in 1954 to sign the Geneva Accords - they drew a line in the middle of Vietnam on the 17th parallel - what ended up happening the North is communist, and south Vietnam is Allie to the US and on paper, south vietnam is a democracy but practices a dictatorship
Viet Cong
South Vietnamese are fighting the American backed government in the south
New president Lydon Johnson
the next day after the assassination of President Kenned, on the plane going back to DC, Johnson was taking the oath with Kennedy’s widow right next to him - what path will Johnson take do with the Vietnam
SCLC
Fall of Saigon
US embassy that north Vietnam took over as well as the presidential building after week of fight us and south won on paper
worst defeats in the vietnam war and they lost their moral
Watergate
Desert Storm
9/11
Gulf of Tonkin
The US has 50k troops inside of Vietnam, and everything changes in the body of water off the coast of Vietnam, “Gulf of Tonkin.” The American ship gets into a shooting match with North veitnam ships in the area they blame each other and the united nations also did not help what is important is what Johnson does next -
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Johnson asks congress for poers gives the president a blank check to conduct military operations in southeast asia Vietnam - congress can take away this resolution - Johnson said this resolution is to give support and protect - by the next summer, their are 100k troops in south Vietnam - they were not doing much fighting - a military base was attacked and johnson used this to get the US more involved he took it personally and were involved in the war and the US would take the lead in all aspects of the war
