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HIV Flashcards

1
Q

INSTIs end with what suffix?

A

“tegravir”

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2
Q

Dolutegravir

A

Tivicay

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3
Q

Raltegravir

A

Insentress

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4
Q

INSTIs class side effect

A

Headache, weight gain, nervous system/psychiatric effects (insomnia, depression), diarrhea

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5
Q

INSTIs work where in the HIV life cycle?

A

Integration

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6
Q

Abacavir

A

Ziagen

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7
Q

Lamivudine

A

Epivir

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8
Q

Tenofovir alafenamide

A

Vemlidy

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9
Q

Tenofovir DF

A

Viread

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10
Q

Zidovudine

A

Retrovir

(Retro means backwards, if you start from the end of the alphabet and go backwards, the first letter is Z)

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11
Q

NRTIs class effect

A

Lactic acidosis

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12
Q

Where do NRTIs work in the HIV life cycle?

A

Reverse transcription

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13
Q

NRRTIs have what in their name?

A

A “vir” somewhere in the middle of the generic name

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14
Q

Efavirenz

A

Sustiva

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15
Q

Etravirine

A

Intelence

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16
Q

Nevirapine

A

Viramune

(VIRAmune, neVIRApine)

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17
Q

Rilpivirine

A

Edurant

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18
Q

NNRTIs class effect

A

Rash (SJS/TEN)

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19
Q

Where do NNRTIs work in the HIV life cycle?

A

Reverse transcription

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20
Q

PIs end with what suffix?

A

“-navir”

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21
Q

PIs class effect

A

Metabolic abnormalities (HLD, hyperglycemia, lipohypertrophy), hepatic dysfunction, hypersensitivity reactions, diarrhea, nausea

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22
Q

Atazanavir

A

Reyataz

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23
Q

Darunavir

A

Prezista

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24
Q

Fosamprenavir

A

Lexiva

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25
Lopinavir/ritonavir
Kaletra
26
Saquinavir
Invirase (INVIRase, saquINaVIR)
27
Tipranavir
Aptivus (TIP, aPTIvus)
28
Cobicistat
Tybost
29
Ritonavir
Norvir
30
Fostemsavir
Rukobia
31
Enfurvirtide
Fuzeon
32
Maraviroc
Selzentry
33
Ibalixumab-uiyk
Trogaro
34
Where do protease inhibitors work?
Budding and maturation
35
Biktarvy
bictegravir/emtricitabine/TAF
36
Triumeq
dolutegravir/abacavir/lamivudine
37
Dovato
dolutegravir/lamivudine
38
Juluca
dolutegravir/rilpivirine
39
Genvoya
elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/TAF
40
Stribild
elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/TDF
41
Epzicom
abacavir/lamivudine
42
Trizivir
abacavir/lamivudine/zidovudine
43
Truvada
emtricitabine/TDF
44
Combivir
lamivudine/zidovudine
45
Cimduo
lamivudine/TDF
46
Atripla
efavirenz/emtricitabine/TDF
47
Odefsey
rilpivirine/emtricitabine/TAF
48
Complera
rilpivirine/emtricitabine/TDF
49
Evotaz
atazanavir/cobicistat
50
Symtuza
darunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/TAF
51
Prezcobix
darunavir/cobicistat
52
Preferred regimens for treatment-naive patients
2 NRTIs, 1 INSTI
53
Single-tablet regimens
Biktarvy, Triumeq, Dovato
54
Two pills once daily regimens
Tivicay and Truvada Tivicay and Descovy
55
What do you need to test before before starting a patient on a regimen that contains abacavir?
HLA-B*5701 allele- if positive, you can't use it!
56
What medications can you not use if CrCl <30?
Biktarvy, Descovy, Dovato, Truvada, Triumeq
57
NRTIs all have a warning for what?
Lactic acidosis and hepatomegaly with steatosis
58
NRTIs class side effects
nausea, diarrhea, HAs, increased LFTs
59
NRTIs with HBV and HIV confection BBWs
emtricitabine, lamivudine, tenofovir
60
Emtricitabine unique side effect
Hyperpigmentation of the palms of the hands or soles of the feet
61
Side effects with tenofovir-containing formulations
renal impairment, decreased bone density
62
TDF vs. TAF
TDF has more side effects than TAF, but if switching from TDF to TAF, monitor lipids because TAF can cause lipid abnormalities more than TDF
63
Zidovudine unique side effects
Hematologic toxicity, neutropenia, anemia, myopathy
64
Didansoine and staduvine unique side effects
Pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy
65
Unique feature about bictegravir and dolutegravir
They all increase SCr without actually affecting the GFR
66
Unique features about raltegravir and dolutegravir
Increased CPK, myopathy, rhabomyolysis, hypersensitivity reactions
67
Unique features about dolutegravir alone
Preferred drug in pregnancy Heptotoxicity possible
68
IM cabotegravir side effect
Injection site reaction
69
INSTI drug interactions with polyvalent cations
Separate from polyvalent cations Take 2 hours before or 6 hours after aluminum, calcium, magnesium, and iron-containing products
70
INSTI exceptions to the polyvalent cations
Dolutegravir and bictegrabir can be taken with PO Ca or Fe if taken with food Raltegravir: avoid all polyvalent cations if possible
71
Efavirenz side effects
Psychiatric symptoms CNS effects (but resolve in 2-4 weeks) increases total cholesterol and TGs
72
NNRTI drug interactions: all of them are substates of what?
All of them are CYP3A4 substrates
73
Rilpivirine and doravirine: don't use with what?
Strong 3A4 inducers (PS PORCS)
74
Efavirenz and etravirine are moderate CYP3A4 ____?
inducers
75
Rilpivirine needs what for absorption?
Acidic gut
76
Rilpivirine and PPIs
Don't even try to use them together
77
Rilpivirine and H2RAs
Separate them! Take H2RAs 12 hours before or 4 hours after rilpivirine
78
Rilpivirine and antacids
Take antacids 2 hours before or 4 hours after
79
All PIs are recommended to take with a ____ and ____?
Recommended to take with a booster and food
80
PIs you shouldn't take with food (or is optional)
Fosamprenavir PO solution Lopinavir/ritonavir can take with or without food
81
Atazanavir side effects
Hyperbilirubinemia (jaundice); reversible and doesn't mean you have to D/C treatment
82
Atazanavir requires what for absorption?
Acidic gut
83
Atazanavir and antacids
take antacids 2 hours before or 1 hour after
84
H2RAs and atazanavir
avoid, or take atazanavir 2 hours before or 10 hours after
85
PPIs and atazanavir
avoid with unboosted atazanavir; take boosted atazanavir 12 hours after the PPI
86
MDD of a PPI with atazanavir
20mg of omeprazole or equivalent
87
PIs that are CI'ed with a sulfa allergy
Darunavir, fosamprenavir, tipranavir
88
Kaletra and metronidazole
Disulfiram reaction
89
Tipranavir side effect
ICH
90
Drugs you shouldn't use with PIs
Alfuzosin Colchicine Dronedarone Lovastatin and simvastatin (but you CAN use rosuvastatin or atorvastatin) CYP3A4 inducers (PS PORCS) DOACs and antiplatelets (warfarin preferred) DAAs for HCV Some hormonal contraceptives Steroids
91
Safety issue with maraviroc
hepatotoxicity (BBW) SJS/TEN CV events Orthostatic hypotension
92
Baseline testing for maraviroc
Must have tropism assay
93
Fostemsavir safety issues (3 things)
Don't use with strong CYP3A4 inducers must maintain effective HBV treatment in patients connected with HBV Can increase SCr
94
Rilpivirine counseling point
TAKE WITH FOOD AND WATER!
95
Efavirenz counseling point
TAKE AT HS ON AN EMPTY STOMACH
96
Take cobicistat with ___?
Food
97
PrEP treatment options
Truvada or Descovy Don't dispense more than a 90-day supply at a time Can also take IM cabotegravir injection- monthly for first 2 doses, then every 2 months after
98
PEP treatment options
Truvada with Tivicay or Insentress Start after HIV exposure, within 72 hours and take for 28 days
99
HIV treatment in pregnancy
Most patients who were already taking a regimen can continue on it If need to start: dolutegravir or boosted darunavir, PLUS dual NRTI backbone (emtricitabine/tenofovir)

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