HIV Flashcards
(5 cards)
Which one of the following is NOT regarded as a bodily fluid capable of transmitting HIV?
a. Cerebrospinal fluid
b. Urine
c. Semen
d. Vaginal secretions
Answer: b
Urine is NOT capable of transmitting HIV.
Which one of the following statements regarding the typical reduction of CD4 cells in HIV is NOT correct?
a. CD4 cells are destroyed by CD8 cells.
b. CD4 cells are destroyed by anti-CD4 IgG.
c. CD4 cells are destroyed by NK (Natural Killer) cells.
d. CD4 cells are destroyed by apoptosis.
Answer: b
Anti-CD4 IgG are rare generally.
Anti-CD4 IgG is not a standard or diagnostic feature of HIV infection.
- Anti-CD4 IgG - Though rare, they are sometimes involved in autoimmune diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus.
Which one of the following statements regarding prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV is NOT correct?
a. Without any intervention up to 30% of offspring will acquire HIV from an infected mother.
b. In South Africa breast feeding is actively discourage because cessation of breastfeeding will reduce base transmission by 50%.
c. Transmission is best prevented by treatment of a positive mother during an after pregnancy and treatment of the neonate postnatally.
d. In the absence of maternal treatment, if all exposed infant were delivered by elective caesarean section the risk of transmission would be reduced to below 10%.
Answer: b
Current SA guidelines SUPPORT breastfeeding along with antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Which of the following statements regarding people living with HIV infection is NOT correct?
a. The total number of people living with HIV in Africa is very similar to the number living with HIV in ‘The Americas’ (i.e. the total for Canada, USA, Central and South America).
b. In South Africa the number of females living with HIV is roughly 1.5 times that of males.
c. In South Africa approximately one-fifth of the population is living with HIV.
d. The 90-90-90 target refers to the goals for population awareness of HIV status, patients receiving sustained antiretroviral treatment, and patients with durable viral suppression.
Answer: a
Africa far EXCEEDS the Americas in HIV prevalence.
* Sub-Saharan African alone accounts for over two-thirds of all people living with HIV globally.
Which one of the following is NOT a goal of HIV treatment?
a. Restoration or preservation of immune function.
b. Suppression of viral replication.
c. Achievement of herd immunity.
d. Reduction of transmission to others.
Answer: c
There is NO HIV vaccine.
* Herd immunity = protecting a population by immunising a large portion of it - usually through vaccination.
