HODGKIN DISEASE

Question 1

large, multinucleated cells that are probably nonfunctioning monocyte-macrophage cells

Answer 1

Reed-Sternberg Cells

Question 2

Why are Reed-Sternberg Cells abnormal?

Answer 2

*because they lack both B- ang T-lymphocyte surface markers
*cannot produce immunoglobulins

Question 3

It is rarely seen in children younger than

Answer 3

younger than 7 years

Question 4

Metastasis is through

Answer 4

lymphatic channels

Question 5

If Hodgkin Disease is left untreated what will happen?

Answer 5

it will spread to lungs, liver, and bone marrow

Question 6

Symptoms of Hodgkin Disease usually begin with

Answer 6

enlargement of only one painless, enlarged, rubbery lymph node.

Question 7

In Hodgkin Disease, the child may report accompanying symptoms of

Answer 7

*anorexia
*malaise
*night sweats
*unintentional loss of weight

Question 8

Hodgkin Disease is confirmed by

Answer 8

biopsy of the lymph nodes

Question 9

The ________ may reveal enlarged mediastinal nodes

Answer 9

chest CT scan

Question 10

_________ may reveal enlarged lymph nodes of the abdomen

Answer 10

abdominal CT scan

Question 11

are typically used to stage and monitor response to Hodgkin disease treatment

Answer 11

PET scans

Question 12

is a nuclear medicine imaging modality that utilizes injected radiolabeled molecules

Answer 12

PET scan

Question 13

PET scan

Answer 13

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Question 14

Preparation for the scan will include a

Answer 14

period of fasting followed by radionuclide injection, a dwell period, and then the scan

Question 15

Hours of fasting for the PET scan

Answer 15

usually 6 to 8 hours

Question 16

Today’s standard of treatment for Hodgkin Disease

Answer 16

Combination therapy: using a combination of chemotherapy agents, with radiation reserved for those who have a limited response to chemotherapy

Question 17

children diagnosed with Hodgkin Disease will have __________ to gauge the response to treatment and determine the amount of therapy needed.

Answer 17

Intermittent PET/CT scans

Question 18

Current therapy for Hodgkin Disease results in what survival rate for children

Answer 18

98% 5-year survival rate for children; and up to 50% with relapsed or refractory disease

Question 19

If relapse occurs, what will be needed for Hodgkin Disease?

Answer 19

additional chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation, or bone marrow transplantation will be utilized.

Question 20

ESR

Answer 20

erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

Question 21

with Hodgkin Disease, lymphocytes proliferate

Answer 21

in the lymph glands

Question 22

what is the typical utilized injected radiolabeled molecule

Answer 22

glucose

Question 23

Hodgkin disease is now referred to as

Answer 23

Hodgkin Lymphoma

Question 24

The disease manifests in two primary subtypes:

Answer 24

*Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma
*less frequent nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma

Question 25

common areas of manifestation of the lymph nodes of the disease

Answer 25

*neck *armpit *groin

Question 26

Hodgkin disease is most commonly diagnosed in what age

Answer 26

early adulthood (between ages 15 and 40) and late adulthood (after age 55)

Question 27

Hodgkin disease occurs slightly more frequently in what gender

Answer 27

Males

Question 28

EBV infection

Answer 28

Epstein-Barr Virus infection

Question 29

causes infectious mononucleosis (mono)

Answer 29

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Infection

Question 30

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Infection

Answer 30

causes infectious mononucleosis (mono)

Question 31

Some autoimmune diseases, such as __________ have been associated with a higher risk of Hodgkin's disease.

Answer 31

*rheumatoid arthritis *systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) *celiac disease

Question 32

unintentional weight loss of body weight over a period of six months or less can occur in individuals with Hodgkin's disease.

Answer 32

weight loss of 10% or more

Question 33

The abnormal lymphocytes in Hodgkin's disease release inflammatory substances called

Answer 33

cytokines

Question 34

can make you feel tired and unwell, leading to decreased desire to eat.

Answer 34

Cytokines

Question 35

is a rare condition fever reported in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma

Answer 35

Pel-Ebstein fever or Pelle Epstein Fever

Question 36

Treatment for Hodgkin Disease

Answer 36

A - Adriamycin B - Bleomycin V - Vinblastine D - Dacarbazine

Question 37

Treatment for stage I and II

Answer 37

2-4 cycles of ABVD + Radiotherapy

Question 38

Treatment for Stage III and IV

Answer 38

6-8 cycles + Radiation

Question 39

By Ann-Arbor classification, Stage I is

Answer 39

Single Site: one lymph node or one extralymphatic site

Question 40

By Ann-Arbor classification, Stage II is

Answer 40

≥ 2 L.Ns on same side of diaphragm

Question 41

By Ann-Arbor classification, Stage III is

Answer 41

L.Ns on both sides

Question 42

By Ann-Arbor classification, Stage IV is

Answer 42

Diffuse, one or more extralymphatic tissue

Question 43

How to diagnose Hodgkin Lymphoma

Answer 43

*Complete Blood Count Test *Physical Examination *Imaging test (X-ray or PET/CT scan) *Biopsy

Question 43

Lymph nodes of the Hodgkin Disease usually starts at what area?

Answer 43

cervical lymph nodes