Holistic Care Flashcards
what is sociological theory focus on?
- The study of social groups (which involves the idea of culture)
- How being a member of a group shapes us (identity) and how we shape other behaviours.
- Ultimately, sociology is the study of social order.
- The examination of how potentially chaotic individualism is shaped by our social relationships (society).
what aspects of culture is there?
Culture has visible aspects (food, language, religious systems).
And invisible aspects (value, beliefs, norms) which are more important if one wants to understand culture.
what is socialisation?
- All members within the society learns the norms, values and roles within their groups
- New members learn the norms - how to behave, dress, role etc
Deviation from these expectations is sometimes disapproved of or even punished.
- New members learn the norms - how to behave, dress, role etc
what are value and norms?
Values provide guidance to our interaction with the world around us.
Norms are the rules of behaviour that reflect the culture’s values.
Values and norms work together to shape how members of a culture behave within their surroundings
what are roles and identity?
Through socialisation people learn about their role and expectations from society.
Identity relates to the understandings people hold about who they are and what is meaningful to them.
Individuals come to understand and assume social roles through an ongoing process of social interaction… In socialisation each of us develops a sense of identity and independence.
what are the key sociological concepts?
- Culture
- Socialisation
- Norms
- Values
- Status
- Roles
Gender
what is cultural competence?
cultural competency is the ability to work effectively and sensitively across cultural context. It involves learning, communicating and connecting respectfully with others, regardless of differences.
what type of stereotypes are there?
- An oversimplification of untrue generalisation about a social group which can become a form of prejudice.
- Explicit stereotypes - refer to stereotypes that one is aware of and is using to judge people
Implicit stereotypes - subconscious and have no control or aware of.
- Explicit stereotypes - refer to stereotypes that one is aware of and is using to judge people
what are the dangers of prejudice and stereotypes?
- Stereotyping may help the midwife to feel in control of her work situation, by providing justification for non-engagement with some women, saving the time and emotional effort to get to know them.
- Self-fulfilling stereotypes - if midwives expect a woman to behave in a certain way the midwife may limit the information or choice to hat woman.
Oversimplification
- Self-fulfilling stereotypes - if midwives expect a woman to behave in a certain way the midwife may limit the information or choice to hat woman.
what is the Maslow’s hierarchy of need useful for in midwifery?
Useful tool to help mothers to have the most positive mental health possible.
why is psychological care important?
- Woman’s feelings of wellbeing through the pregnancy and beyond - as midwives it out our role to support positive psychological health
- Relationship between psychological distress and adverse clinical outcome including increased risk of preterm labour, miscarriage, reduced birth weight, caesarean section, increased admission to NICU.
- Poor psychological health major determinants of maternal morbidity and mortality especially for vulnerable women.
- Poor maternal psychological health as consequence for the whole family - Bandura’s social learning theory and Bowlby’s attachment theory.
what is Psychological wellbeing in childbearing is influenced by?
- Midwife-mother relationship
- Physical functioning
- Choice and control
- Self esteem
- Support
- Stress and anxiety
- Mental illness
Bonding and attachment
what is the important of midwife-mother relationship?
- Women need to trust the midwife to have confidence in their abilities to safeguard their wellbeing
- Continuity of carer
- Women-centred approach, non-judgemental and supporting women’s choices
- Importance of listening, asking open questions with no assumptions.
- Being honest and explain well and clearly
- Reducing stigma - which if not done may lead to social isolation
- Working close with multidisciplinary team - to optimise psychological health
what is physical functioning and the importance?
- Physical function decreases in pregnancy and this can impact of the woman’s quality of life
- This can be in relation to nausea, disturbed sleep, heartburn, pelvic pain etc
- The correlation between physical ailments of pregnancy and depression and anxiety
- But also depression and anxiety amplifies physical ailments in pregnancy.
- Recognition and validation of the impaired quality of life by caregivers is important and can support women to improve their physiological wellbeing
what is the importance of choice and control?
- Compelling evidence that making choices and perception of control denotes important psychological construct with both psychological and clinical consequences.
- A lack of control is more likely to be associated with a negative childbirth experience, whereas feeling both internal and external control are associated with positive experiences.
