Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

728: Research > homework > Flashcards

homework Flashcards

1
Q

The assumption that all phenomena have antecedent causes is called

A

determinism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Evidence that is rooted in objective reality and gathered through the human senses is known as

A

empirical evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The type of research that involves the systematic collection and analysis of controlled, numeric information is known as

A

quantitative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Assumes that reality exists and that it can be objectively studied and known

A

positivist paradigm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Subjectivity in inquiries is inevitable and desirable

A

naturalist paradigm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Assumes reality is a construction and that many constructions are possible

A

naturalist paradigm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Relies primarily on the collection and analysis of quantitative information

A

positivist paradigm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Develops knowledge primarily through deductive processes.

A

positivist paradigm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Dosage of a new drug

A

continuous variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

employment status

A

categorical variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

method of teaching patients (structured vs unstructured)

A

categorical variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

number of times hospitalized

A

discrete variable (not categorized)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

presence or abscence of decubitus

A

categorical variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

number of degrees ROM

A

constant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

variable that is presumed effect

A

dependent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

variable that is dichotomous

A

dependent and independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

variable that is an attribute

A

dependent and independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

variable that requires an operational definition

A

dependent and independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

variable that is main outcome of interest in study

A

dependent variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

length of stay in hospital

A

dependent and independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

variable that researcher wants to understand, explain or predict is known as

A

dependent (criterion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

when data are in form of narrative descriptions, data are said to be

A

qualitative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

when little is known about a topic or phenomeno___research is likely to be more furiful than ___

A

qualitative/quantitative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

small scale trial run of a research study is referred to as

A

pilot study

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

task of organizing and synthesizing information collected in a study is known as

A

data analysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Why is it important for OT’s who may not conduct their own research to understand the research methods?

A

be a critical consumer of research and use it appropriately for clients
understand state of knowledge in a particular area and be able to communicate that with other professionals as well as client

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The most ingrained source of knowledge, and the one that is the most difficult to challenge is

A

scientific approach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The process of developing generalizations from specific observations is referred to as

A

tradition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

The scientific approach has as its philosophical underpinnings a school of thought known as

A

inductive reasoning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The scientific approach has as its philosophical underpinnings a school of thought known as

A

logical postivism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

sources of human knowledge

A
  • tradition
  • authority
  • experience
  • logical reasoning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The four purposes of scientific research include:

A
  • description
  • exploration
  • explanation
  • prediction and control
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Determinism is the belief that all phenomenon have antecedent (preceding) causes.

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Limitations of the scientific method include

A

A. Moral or ethical issues
B. Human complexity
C. Measurement problems
D. Control problems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

There is no relationship between participation in caregiver’s training and the health outcomes of Occupational therapy clients.

A

null hypotheses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Occupational therapy students are increasingly interested in obtaining advanced degrees

A

not a hypothesis as stated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

A person’s age is related to his or her difficulty in accessing health care

A

research hypothesis non-directional

38
Q

increased noise levels result in increased anxiety among hospitalized patients

A

research hypotheses directional

39
Q

Patient’s compliance with their medication regimen is related to their perception of the consequences of non-compliance.

A

research hypothesis non-directional

40
Q

A cancer patient’s degree of hopefulness regarding the future is unrelated to his or her religiosity.

A

null hypothesis

41
Q

The presence of homonymous hemi-anopia in patients with stroke negatively affects their length of stay in the hospital.

A

research hypotheses directional

42
Q

The five most common sources of ideas for research problems are

A
  • experience
  • literature
  • social issues
  • theory
  • external sources
43
Q

Research hypotheses state a predicted ________________ between variables

A

relationship

44
Q

A hypothesis that states a prediction regarding two or more independent and two or more dependent variables is called a(n) _________________________________ or __________________________ hypothesis

A

multivariate/complex

45
Q

Theories form the basis for ________________________ hypotheses through the process of __________________________ .

A

directional/deduction

46
Q

One of the major purposes of a literature review is to ascertain what research has already been done in the area.

A

true

47
Q

A published literature review article would be considered a primary source for a person doing a literature review on the same topic.

A

false

48
Q

A well-written literature review is characterized by numerous quotations from research studies

A

false

49
Q

The literature review section should conclude with a critical evaluation of knowledge on the problem of interest.

A

true

50
Q

The six sections typically found in research journal articles are

A
  • abstract
  • introduction
  • method
  • results
  • discussion
  • references
51
Q

Quantity of references is less important in a good literature review than the ________ of the references.

A

relevance

52
Q

The literature review should make clear not only what is known about a problem but also any ____________________________ in the research.

A

gaps

53
Q

Describes the research design

A

method

54
Q

In quantitative studies, presents the statistical analysis

A

results

55
Q

Identifies the research questions or statement of purpose

A

introduction

56
Q

Presents a brief summary of the major features of the study

A

abstract

57
Q

Identifies the study sample

A

method

58
Q

Offers an interpretation of study findings

A

discussion

59
Q

Offers a rationale for the study and describes its significance

A

introduction

60
Q

Describes how the research data were collected

A

method

61
Q

Identifies the study’s main limitations

A

discussion

62
Q

In an experiment, the researcher manipulates the

A

independent variable

63
Q

The manipulation that the researcher introduces is referred to as the experimental

A

treatment intervention

64
Q

Randomization is performed so that groups will be formed without

A

systematic bias

65
Q

When more than one independent variable is being simultaneously manipulated by the researcher, the design is referred to as a(n)

A

factorial design

66
Q

When neither the subjects nor the individuals collecting data know in which group a subject is participating, the procedures are called

A

double-blind

67
Q

Each factor in an experimental design must have two or more

A

levels

68
Q

Another term for repeated measures design is a(n)

A

crossover

69
Q

A primary objective of a true experiment is to enable the researcher to infer

A

causality

70
Q

When a true experimental design is not used, the control group is usually referred to as the

A

comparison group

71
Q

A quasi-experimental design that involves repeated observations over time is referred to as a(n)

A

time series design

72
Q

The difficulty with a non-equivalent control group design is that the experimental and comparison groups cannot be assumed to be ________________ before the intervention

A

equal (equivalent)

73
Q

When no variable is manipulated in a study, the research is called

A

nonexperimental

74
Q

Correlation does not prove

A

causation

75
Q

A retrospective design that involves a comparison of a group with a specified disease or condition with another group without the disease or condition is called a(n)

A

case-control design

76
Q

The method of collecting needs assessment data by questioning knowledgeable individuals is known as the

A

key information approach

77
Q

Secondary analysis involves the use of previously collected

A

data

78
Q

In content analysis, the most common units of analysis used by nurse researchers are _________________________ and _____________________

A

themes/items

79
Q

The aspect of research design that concerns whether or not there is an intervention involves the distinction between _____________ and _____________ designs

A

experimental/nonexperimental

80
Q

When data are collected at a single point in time, the design is referred to as

A

cross-sectional

81
Q

A design that maximizes the variability in the dependent variable that can be attributed to the independent variable is enhancing the ___________________ of the study.

A

precision

82
Q

Longitudinal studies conducted to determine the long-term outcome of some condition or intervention are called

A

follow-up studies

83
Q

A prospective design is more rigorous in elucidating casual relationships than a(n)

A

retrospective design

84
Q

Any influence that can distort the results of study is known as a(n)

A

bias

85
Q

When comparison groups are designed to be as different as possible, the

A

power of the design is enhanced

86
Q

Designs for qualitative studies tend to be highly

A

flexible

87
Q

Highly structured and contrived settings designed specifically for the conduct of research are known as

A

laboratory settings

88
Q

The major conceptual frameworks of occupational therapy demand neither ________ nor __________________data.

A

qualitative/quantitative

89
Q

A frequent application of multimethod studies is in the development of research

A

instruments

90
Q

In a(n) _______________ design, the qualitative and quantitative portions of the study are implemented as discrete aspects.

A

component

728: Research (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions