Hormonal controls in humans Flashcards
What are hormones ?
Hormones are chemicals released by glands. They are released directly into the blood
what is the endocrine system made up of ?
Glands
Name the gland which produces human growth hormone and is found within the brain.
pituitary gland
Name the gland which produces human growth hormone and is found within the brain.
Pituitary gland
Name the gland which produces many digestive enzymes. Insulin and regulated blood glucose levelb
Pancreas
Name the gland which produces testosterone.
Testes
Name the gland which produces thyroxine.
Thyroid
Name the gland which produced adrenaline.
Adrenal gland
Name the gland which produces hormones such as oestrogen and progesterone.
Ovary
Facts about the pituitary gland
Also know as the master gland because it produces many hormones that regulate body condition.
Facts about Thyroid
Produce thyroxine
Regulates things like rate of metabolism, heart rate and temperature
Facts about the adrenal gland
Produce adrenaline
This is used to prepare the body for a fight or flight
Facts about pancreas
Produce insulin
This is used to regulate the blood glucose level
Facts about ovaries
Females only
Produce oestrogen
Involved in the menstrual cycle
Facts about the testes
Males only
Produce testosterone
Controls puberty and sperm production in males
What is monitored for changes in glucose concentration?
The blood.
What is produced if the blood glucose concentration is too high?
Insulin, a hormone.
State two ways insulin helps to lower blood glucose concentration.
It triggers body cells to take up glucose from the blood
It also triggers liver and muscle cells to store excess glucose as a storage molecule called glycogen
What is produced if the blood glucose concentration is too low?
Glucagon, a hormone.
What is blood glucose concentration monitored by ?
The pancreas
Describe type 1 diabetes
Pancreas produces little or no insulin
People with type 1 diabetes need to inject themselves with insulin to make sure that glucose is removed from blood
Describe type 2 diabetes
The body stops responding to insulin produced by pancreas
Being obese can increase chance of developing type 2 diabetes
It can be controlled by eating a carbohydrate controlled diet
It can also be controlled by taking regular exercise
