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Biology of psychology > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

(42 cards)

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1
Q

hormone

A

signaling molecule transported to organs to affect physiology + behaviour

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2
Q

steroid hormone process

A
  1. hormone enters cell
  2. binds to receptor in nucleus
  3. mRNA + protein synthesis
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3
Q

protein hormones

A
  1. binds w receptor outside cell
  2. transduction pathway
  3. transcription factor in nucleus activated
  4. protein synthesis
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4
Q

hormones diff to neurotransmitters

A
  1. larger spatial + temporal scale
  2. travel through circulatory system (not nervous system)
  3. slower
  4. not all or nothing
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5
Q

neurohormones what are they

A

produced by endocrine that receive input from neurons

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6
Q

hormone feedback control mechanisms

A
  1. other hormones
    2 plasma concentration (ions, nutrients, binding globulin)
  2. neurons + mental activity
  3. environment
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7
Q

hormone effects on body

A
  1. growth
  2. reproductive cycle
  3. metabolism
  4. mood swings
  5. circadian rhythm
  6. hunger cravings
  7. immune system
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8
Q

hpa axis

A
  • hypothalamus released CORTH
  • pituitary gland releases ACTH
  • adrenal cortex releases cortisol
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9
Q

hypothalamus hormones

A
  1. thyrotropin releasing hormone
  2. growth hormone
  3. gonadotropin
  4. corticotropin
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10
Q

basic metabolic rate decrease (loop)

A
  1. hypothalamus releases thyreoliberin
  2. pituitary gland releases thyreotropin
  3. increased thyroid hormone release
  4. BMR increase
    (negative feedback from 2-4)
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10
Q

neurohormone production can be affected by

A
  1. other hormones by endocrine cells
  2. neurotransmitters
  3. pituitary gland hormones
  4. environment
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11
Q

hypothalamus connected to which brain parts

A
  1. cortex
  2. reticular formation
  3. limbic system
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12
Q

trophic hormones

A

target endocrine glands (regulation)
- stimulate cell no.

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13
Q

compensatory hypertrophy

A

when tissue increases in size to fulfill activity of destroyed tissue

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14
Q

hypothalamus main functions

A
  1. hunger
  2. mood
  3. body temp
  4. sex drive
  5. sleep
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15
Q

posterior pituitary

A
  • doesn’t have glands
  • secrete vasopressin + oxytocin
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16
Q

vasopressin (AVP) role

Study These Flashcards
A
  • water levels in kidney
  • sex drives
  • arterial blood pressure
  • pain perception
  • social behaviour
17
Q

what inhibits vasopressin (AVP)

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. alcohol
  2. cortisol
    (peeing more)
18
Q

oxytocin role

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. lactation
  2. parental nurturing
  3. social behaviour
  4. trust, anxiety, addiction
  5. testosterone production
19
Q

low levels of vasopressin (AVP) lead to

Study These Flashcards
A

1- schizophrenia
2 psychosis

20
Q

high levels stress in childhood affect vasopressin (AVP) + oxytocin

Study These Flashcards
A
  • vasopressin; faster ID of threats
  • oxytocin: non-selective closeness w others
21
Q

low levels stress in childhood affect vasopressin + oxytocin

Study These Flashcards
A
  • vasopressin; lower anxiety + E conservation
  • oxytocin; selectiveness of closeness
22
Q

gland atrophy

Study These Flashcards
A

glands waste away

23
Q

anterior pituitary secretes which hormones

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. thyroid
  2. FSH + LH
  3. growth hormone
24
excess growth hormone
1. giganticism 2. acromegaly
25
chronic stress effect on growth
- impaired bone growth
26
prolactin roles
1. milk production 2. increased sex hormones
27
hyperprolactinaemia
excess prolactin in blood - decrease in libido - irregular periods
28
FSH in men
- sertoli cells release androgen binding proteins - spermatogen - inhibin B secretion
29
FSH in women
- follicular growth - selects best follicle for ovulation - sex hormone secretion
30
LH in men -
- Leydic cells produce testosterone
31
LH in women
- triggers ovulation - on endocrine cells to produce androgens - corpeus luteum dev
32
gynecomastia
big boobs in men bc imbalance of androgen + estrogen - psych distress - in older men, fat + teen boys
33
gynecomastia causes
1. alcohol 2. drugs 3. aromatase = hormone that converts testosterone to estrogen
34
what increases altruism?
longer vasopressin alleles
35
adrenal gland hormones
1. androgens (test + est) 2. glucocorticoid 3. mineralcorticoids
36
androgen examples
testosterone estrogen
37
glucocorticoids example
cortisol
38
mineralocorticoids example
aldosterone
39
hypercortisolism leads to
Cushing's syndrome from excess cortisol levels
40
addison's disease
primary adrenal insufficiency -not enough cortisol produced
41
what day time does cortisol + ACTH spike in
daytime (sympathetic nervous system)

Biology of psychology (10 decks)

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