Hormones of the Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the stimulus for the release of Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Increased solute concentration of the blood
Decreased solute concentration of the blood
What stimulates the release of Oxytocin?
Stretching of the uterus and infant suckling at the nipple
What is the stimulus for the release of Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) from the hypothalamus, exposure to cold, and stress
What stimulates the release of Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) from the hypothalamus and stress
What stimulates the release of Prolactin?
Infant suckling at the nipple and thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) from the hypothalamus
What is the stimulus for the release of Luteinizing hormone (LH)?
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus
What inhibits the release of Luteinizing hormone (LH)?
Lack of appropriate stimuli, increased levels of thyroid hormones, somatostatin from the hypothalamus, increased level of cortisol, increased level of aldosterone
What inhibits the release of Prolactin?
Prolactin-inhibiting factor (dopamine) from the hypothalamus, increased levels of testosterone (males), and estrogens and progesterone (females)
What stimulates the release of Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)?
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus and increased levels of testosterone (males) and estrogens (females)
What stimulates the release of Growth hormone (GH)?
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) from the hypothalamus, stress/exercise, ingestion of protein, and fasting
What are the effects of Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Water reabsorption from the kidney tubules and increases blood volume
What are the effects of Oxytocin?
Uterine contractions and milk let-down reflex
What are the effects of Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)?
Growth and development of the thyroid gland and synthesis of thyroid hormones
What are the effects of Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?
Growth and development of adrenal cortices and release of adrenal steroids and catecholamines
What are the effects of Prolactin?
Development of mammary glands and milk production
What are the effects of Luteinizing hormone (LH) in males?
Development of gonads and testosterone production
What are the effects of Luteinizing hormone (LH) in females?
Development of gonads, production of estrogens and progesterone, and ovulation
What are the effects of Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in males?
Production of factors that bind and concentrate testosterone
What are the effects of Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in females?
Production of estrogens and maturation of ovarian follicles
What are the effects of Growth hormone (GH)?
Gluconeogenesis, fat breakdown (lipolysis), protein breakdown, and production of insulin-like growth factor (IGF), which stimulates cell division and protein synthesis
