How Did The British Respond To The Changing Attitudes Of The Locals? Flashcards

(46 cards)

1
Q

How did the British respond to the changing attitudes of the locals in the early 1950s?

A

The British recognized that the old system of government was no longer adequate and decided to grant the locals more political power.

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2
Q

What was the goal of the British regarding local participation in Singapore’s governance?

A

The British aimed to make people proud of belonging to Singapore and to encourage local participation in the running of the city.

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3
Q

What did Sir Percy McNeice say about the old system of governance in Singapore?

A

He noted that in the old days, the British arranged everything, and the locals had no participation in governance.

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4
Q

What significant change occurred on 22 September 1951 in Singapore?

A

Singapore was conferred city status, granting it additional rights and privileges similar to those of cities in Britain.

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5
Q

How did the British respond to the changing attitudes of the locals in the early 1950s?

A

The British recognized that the old system of government was no longer adequate and decided to grant the locals more political power.

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6
Q

What was the goal of the British regarding local participation in Singapore’s governance?

A

The British aimed to make people proud of belonging to Singapore and to encourage local participation in the running of the city.

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7
Q

What did Sir Percy McNeice say about the old system of governance in Singapore?

A

He noted that in the old days, the British arranged everything, and the locals had no participation in governance.

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8
Q

What significant change occurred on 22 September 1951 in Singapore?

A

Singapore was conferred city status, granting it additional rights and privileges similar to those of cities in Britain.

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9
Q

What was the purpose of the Rendel Commission?

A

To review the constitution of Singapore and find out how local people could play a more active role in the government.

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10
Q

When did the Rendel Commission submit its report?

A

In 1954.

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11
Q

What did the Rendel Commission recommend for Singapore?

A

Limited self-government, allowing locals to elect representatives to control certain areas of the government.

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12
Q

What was introduced as a result of the Rendel Commission’s report?

A

The Rendel Constitution in 1955.

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13
Q

What was the structure of the government under the Rendel Constitution?

A

A Council of Ministers headed by the Governor, including the Chief Minister, five local ministers, and three British ministers.

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14
Q

What areas did the six local ministers control?

A

Education, health, housing, and trade and industry.

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15
Q

Which areas were controlled by the three British ministers?

A

Law, finance, external affairs, external defence, and internal security.

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16
Q

What significant event was triggered by the Rendel Constitution?

A

An election was to be held in April 1955.

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17
Q

What is a commission?

A

A group of people appointed to perform a specific task, such as conducting an investigation and writing a report.

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18
Q

What is a constitution?

A

A set of laws that a government must follow, determining the limits within which the government operates.

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19
Q

What was the purpose of the Rendel Commission?

A

To review the constitution of Singapore and find out how local people could play a more active role in the government.

20
Q

When did the Rendel Commission submit its report?

21
Q

What did the Rendel Commission recommend for Singapore?

A

Limited self-government, allowing locals to elect representatives to control certain areas of the government.

22
Q

What was introduced as a result of the Rendel Commission’s report?

A

The Rendel Constitution in 1955.

23
Q

What was the structure of the government under the Rendel Constitution?

A

A Council of Ministers headed by the Governor, including the Chief Minister, five local ministers, and three British ministers.

24
Q

What areas did the six local ministers control?

A

Education, health, housing, and trade and industry.

25
Which areas were controlled by the three British ministers?
Law, finance, external affairs, external defence, and internal security.
26
What significant event was triggered by the Rendel Constitution?
An election was to be held in April 1955.
27
What is a commission?
A group of people appointed to perform a specific task, such as conducting an investigation and writing a report.
28
What is a constitution?
A set of laws that a government must follow, determining the limits within which the government operates.
29
What was the significance of the 1955 election in Singapore?
The 1955 election aroused far greater interest and generated much political activity compared to the elections in 1948 and 1951. ## Footnote It encouraged more political parties to emerge and increased voter engagement.
30
What was the Labour Front (LF)?
The Labour Front (LF) was a multiracial political party led by David Marshall, focusing on workers' rights and immediate independence for Singapore. ## Footnote It was founded in July 1954 and included members from trade unions.
31
Who were the key members of the Labour Front?
Key members of the Labour Front included David Marshall, Lim Yew Hock, and Francis Thomas.
32
What did the Labour Front advocate for?
The Labour Front advocated for the improvement of workers' rights, working conditions, and extending citizenship to China-born immigrants.
33
What was the People's Action Party (PAP)?
The People's Action Party (PAP) was co-founded by Lee Kuan Yew and aimed for immediate independence for Singapore while opposing British rule. ## Footnote It was founded in November 1954.
34
Who were the co-founders of the People's Action Party?
The co-founders of the PAP included Lee Kuan Yew, Dr Goh Keng Swee, Dr Toh Chin Chye, S. Rajaratnam, and Kenneth Michael Byrne.
35
What was the demographic of the PAP's members?
The PAP mainly consisted of English-educated lawyers, journalists, and trade unionists.
36
How did the LF and PAP campaign for support?
Both parties campaigned by visiting houses, distributing newspapers and pamphlets, holding rallies, and giving speeches to raise political awareness. ## Footnote They focused on anti-colonialism to attract voters.
37
What was a common goal of both the Labour Front and the People's Action Party?
Both parties sought immediate independence for Singapore and opposed British rule.
38
What did the LF and PAP promise to improve if elected?
They promised to improve workers' welfare. ## Footnote This attracted much support among voters.
39
Who was David Marshall and what was his profession?
David Marshall was the leader of the LF and a lawyer by profession.
40
What was David Marshall critical of regarding the SPP?
He was critical of the SPP's inability to push effectively for self-government.
41
How did David Marshall describe the importance of the 1955 election?
He described it as a major change, awakening people to their rights and the importance of voting.
42
How many candidates contested the 25 elected seats in the 1955 election?
A total of 79 candidates contested the seats, about five times the number in 1948.
43
What was the voter turnout for the 1955 election?
About 160,000 people, slightly above 50 percent of those eligible, turned up to vote.
44
What was the outcome of the 1955 election?
The LF emerged as the biggest winner, clinching 10 out of the 25 seats. ## Footnote The SPP lost, shocking the colonial authorities.
45
How did the crowd react to the election results on April 2, 1955?
Over 5,000 people gathered at Empress Place and roared in jubilation when the results were announced.
46
What did the results of the 1955 election indicate about the people's wishes?
It indicated that the people wished to be freed from British rule.