How did the position of women change? (1917-80)

Question 1

What did the war give them a chance for?

Answer 1

To work

Question 2

What was work like for women?

Answer 2

Wages were less than what a man was paid

Question 3

What happened after the war?

Answer 3

Women were fired and expected to return jobs back to men

Question 4

What was one gain from the war?

Answer 4

Congress passed the 19th Amendment

Question 5

What is the 19th Amendment?

Answer 5

Women gained the right to vote

Question 6

Who benefited from the 19th Amendment?

Answer 6

White Middle Class Women

Question 7

Why did White middle class women vote?

Answer 7

They were more educated, so understood the climate more

Question 8

Who did not benefit from the 19th Amendment?

Answer 8

Poor and Black women

Question 9

Why did poor and Black women not vote?

Answer 9

Poor - Voted the way their husbands told them to

Black - Less educated, especially in the south

Question 10

What group was set up to encourage women to vote more?

Answer 10

1920 - The League of Women Voters

Question 11

What happened in the Roaring Twenties?

Answer 11

Economic boom of prosperity

Question 12

What made consumer goods cheaper?

Answer 12

Mass production and hire purchase

Question 13

What made cars travel further and faster?

Answer 13

Road building

Question 14

What did widespread electrification mean?

Answer 14

More people could run electric appliances, making housework quicker

Question 15

What was work for women like, pre-war?

Answer 15

Single women had worked, whilst married stayed home and raised a family

Question 16

What was work like for working married women?

Answer 16

Worked from home for very low wages

Question 17

What job type was barred/prevented to married women?

Answer 17

Teaching, as it was for single well off White women

Question 18

What Women’s working group was set up in the 1920s?

Answer 18

Women’s Bureau of Labour

Question 19

What was the aim of Women’s Bureau of Labour?

Answer 19

To improve women’s working conditions and achieve more employment for women

Question 20

What were the achievements of the Women’s Bureau of Labour?

Answer 20

From 1910 and 1940
Working women went from 7.6M to 13M

Question 21

What were the cons of women’s work?

Answer 21

Paid less than men
“Last Hired, first Fired”

Question 22

What were some young women nicknamed?

Answer 22

Flappers

Question 23

What were the characteristics of Flappers?

Answer 23

Short hair, short dressed and silk stockings

Question 24

What did Flappers do?

Answer 24

Smoke and drank, drove their own cars

Question 25

How did Flappers behave like young men?

Answer 25

Attended boxing matches without a male escort

Question 26

How did Flappers show their sexual freedom?

Answer 26

By visiting speakeasies and Jazz clubs alone

Question 27

What did Flappers resort to, however?

Answer 27

The traditional life of a woman once they got married

Question 28

[Great Depression] Who had to take on any work they were offered?

Answer 28

Widowed, divorced, deserted women

Question 29

[Great Depression] What did married women do?

Answer 29

Sometimes worked to support their husband's income

Question 30

[Great Depression] What group was ignored by women?

Answer 30

Women's Bureau of Labor

Question 31

[Great Depression] Why was the Women's Bureau of Labor ignored?

Answer 31

Supported government legislations

Question 32

[Great Depression] What was a government legislation?

Answer 32

Supreme Court's 1908 Muller vs Oregon

Question 33

[Great Depression] What was the 1908 Muller vs Oregon?

Answer 33

The ruling that women's working hours should be no more than 10 hours a day

Question 34

[Great Depression] What did restricting working hours lead to?

Answer 34

Poorest women lose their jobs or break the rules

Question 35

[Great Depression] Why did poor women lose their jobs?

Answer 35

Meat packing industries required women to work more than ten hours a day

Question 36

[Great Depression] Why were women in work luckier than those applying to relief programmes?

Answer 36

Competition was high, for appalling conditions - Black, White, Mexican Americans

Question 37

What was the policy of the New Deal?

Answer 37

To put men first before women via unemployment and working conditions

Question 38

What did the Civilian Conservation Corps find?

Answer 38

2.5 million young men employed in army-run campaigns, replanting forests, aged 17-23

Question 39

What did Eleanor Roosevelt do?

Answer 39

Set up Camp Tera, funded by private donations for unemployed women

Question 40

What happened by 1936, for camps?

Answer 40

They were 36 camps taking in 5,000 women a year

Question 41

What was the disadvantage of the Women Camps?

Answer 41

They only took women in for 2-3 months, and provided no work or wages

Question 42

Who benefitted less from the New Deal?

Answer 42

Black Women, edged out of the worst jobs desperate by other white women

Question 43

How much did Black and White women earn?

Answer 43

23 cents, and 61 cents

Question 44

Who was Fannie Peck?

Answer 44

A black women that set up a series of Housewives Leagues in Detroit, 1930

Question 45

What did the Housewives Leagues do?

Answer 45

Encouraged women to shop in black-run stores Organise local help for those in need

Question 46

What was the iconic image after WW2?

Answer 46

Rosie the Riveter 'We can do it' - Muscled arm and rolled up sleeves

Question 47

What happened even before the USA went to war?

Answer 47

1940 Selective Training and Service Act - Trained women to fill men's places; shipbuilding and aircraft assembly

Question 48

What was the Women's Land Army of America?

Answer 48

Provided farm workers countrywide, held workshops and meetings

Question 49

What was the name of the Women's Land Army of America's Newsletter?

Answer 49

The Women's Land Army Newsletter

Question 50

How many women were working in agriculture?

Answer 50

3 million - June 1943

Question 51

How many married women were working?

Answer 51

23%

Question 52

What did the worker shortages mean?

Answer 52

Black women could enter jobs they weren't welcomed in before

Question 53

What did the number of black women on nursing courses rise to?

Answer 53

1,100 to 2,600 = 1945

Question 54

Why did some employers not hire black women?

Answer 54

Accused them of having and spreading sexual diseases

Question 55

What happened in a Detroit rubber plant?

Answer 55

White women workers refused to share toilets with Black women

Question 56

What happened after war for married women?

Answer 56

Female employment raised, 45-54 years old

Question 57

Why did WW2 increase women's work?

Answer 57

Some men took advantage of GI bill and didn't return to work Widows had to take on these jobs

Question 58

Why did WW2 benefit white women more?

Answer 58

Those that wanted to work were given a space before non-white women

Question 59

Why did the attitudes of women change?

Answer 59

Gained satisfaction from the skills they gained during war work, and wanted more

Question 60

What also changed for men?

Answer 60

Attitudes towards women working

Question 61

What did White women face during work?

Answer 61

Hostility in office jobs; insurance or advertising

Question 62

Why did White Women face hostility?

Answer 62

Male dominated workplaces

Question 63

What did women's work remain?

Answer 63

Clerical, domestic, shop work. A few white women moved to office jobs

Question 64

What did Black Women face during work?

Answer 64

Extreme hostility and segregations