How do Clinicians communicate - Lecture 1

Question 1

What are the regions of the body?

Answer 1

Head
Neck
Chest
Abdomen
Pelvis/Perineum
Upper limbs
Lower Limbs 
Back

Question 2

What is the Sagittal plane?

Answer 2

This plane cuts the person in two vertically.

It runs from front to back and cuts the body into right and left

Question 3

What is the Coronal plane?

Answer 3

This is the frontal plane

It divides the body into anterior and posterior sections.

Cut the body into dorsal and ventral (back and front)

Question 4

What is the Axial/Transverse Plane?

Answer 4

Cuts the body in two, into cranial/Superior and inferior/caudal

Question 5

What does Anterior mean?

Answer 5

Near to the front of the body

Question 6

What does Posterior mean?

Answer 6

Near to the back of the body

Question 7

What does Superior mean?

Answer 7

Near to the top of the body

Question 8

What two other terms mean Superior?

Answer 8

Cranial

Rostral

Question 9

What does Inferior mean?

Answer 9

Near to the soles of feet.

Question 10

What is another term for Inferior?

Answer 10

Caudal?

Question 11

What does Medial mean?

Answer 11

Refers to something near midline

Question 12

What does Lateral mean?

Answer 12

Further from the midline

Question 13

What does Proximal mean?

Answer 13

Near to the attachment of limb to body.

Question 14

What does Distal mean?

Answer 14

Further from attachment of limb to bdy

Question 15

What does Superficial mean?

Answer 15

Near to the surface of the body

Question 16

What does Deep mean?

Answer 16

Further from surface of body

Question 17

What does External mean?

Answer 17

Further from centre of Organ

Question 18

What does Internal mean?

Answer 18

Nearer to centre of organ

Question 19

What does Major or Minor mean?

Answer 19

Larger or smaller structures with the same name.

Question 20

What is the term Dorsal used for?

Answer 20

• Posterior surface of wrist
• Posterior surface of hand
• Posterior surface of foot
• Posterior surface of tongue

Question 21

What is the Ventral side of the Wrist called?

Answer 21

Volar surface

Question 22

What is the Ventral side of the Hand called?

Answer 22

Palmar surface

Question 23

What is the Ventral side of the foot called?

Answer 23

Plantar surface

Question 24

What is the Ventral side of the tongue called?

Answer 24

Ventral surface

Question 25

What does Unilateral mean?

Answer 25

Structure is normally found on the same side of the body

Question 26

What does Bilateral mean?

Answer 26

Structure is paired, a right and left structure

Question 27

What does the Midline mean?

Answer 27

Single structure located at/near to the midline.

Question 28

What does Ipsilateral mean?

Answer 28

Structure lies on the same side as the other location for comparison.

Question 29

What does Contralateral mean?

Answer 29

Structure lies on the opposite side as the other location of comparison

Question 30

What does Flexion mean?

Answer 30

Decreasing the angle between bone and joint

Question 31

What does Extension mean?

Answer 31

Increasing the angle between bone and joint

Question 32

What does Abduction mean?

Answer 32

Movement away from the midline

Question 33

What does Adduction mean?

Answer 33

Movement towards the median plane

Question 34

What does Internal/Medial rotation mean?

Answer 34

Anterior surface of a limb rotates towards the median plane

Question 35

What does External/Lateral Rotation mean?

Answer 35

Anterior surface of a limb rotates away from the median plane

Question 36

What does Circumduction mean?

Answer 36

Circular motion at a joint

Question 37

From the Neck to the hip all anterior movements are what types of movement?

Answer 37

Flexions

Question 38

From the Knee to the toes anterior movement are what type of movements?

Answer 38

Extensions

Question 39

What is Dorsiflexion?

Answer 39

(Actaully extension) : Dorsal surface of foot moves superiorly

Question 40

What is Plantarflexion?

Answer 40

Plantarflexion (Actually flexion): Plantar surface of foot moves inferiorly

Question 41

What is Eversion?

Answer 41

Eversion: Sole of the foot rotates away from the median plane such that the sole faces laterally

Question 42

What is Inversion?

Answer 42

Inversion: Sole of the foot rotates towards the median plane such that the sole faces medially

Question 43

What is Pronation?

Answer 43

Anterior surface of forearm rotates palms in such a way that the palm faces posteriorly. (this is an INTERNAL rotation)

Question 44

What is Supination?

Answer 44

Forearm rotates in such a way that the palm returns to anatomic postion (this is a EXTERNAL rotation)

Question 45

What does Semi-prone mean?

Answer 45

Used to describe midway between supine and prone position.

Question 46

What is abduction of the Thumb?

Answer 46

Taking the thumb anteriorly away from the palm

Question 47

What is Extension of the thumb?

Answer 47

Taking the thumb laterally away from the palm of the hand in the coronal plane

Question 48

What is flexion of the thumb?

Answer 48

Folding of the thumb across and into the coronal plane

Question 49

What is Oppostion of the thumb?

Answer 49

Opposition with the digits