Human Breathing System

Question 1

Where is the breathing system

Answer 1

Thoracic cavity

Question 2

Function of the breathing system

Answer 2

Gas exchange
Taking in oxygen
Excrete water vapor and carbon dioxide

Question 3

Nasal cavity

Answer 3

Produces mucous
Tiny hairs to filter incoming air
Moist to humidify moving air

Question 4

Pharynx

Answer 4

Throat

Question 5

Epiglottis

Answer 5

Flap of tissue at the bottom of the pharynx
Closes over glottis during swallowing
Allows food down the oesophagus

Question 6

Larynx

Answer 6

Voice box
Contains vocal chords
Produces sound by modulating the flow of air leaving the lungs

Question 7

Trachea

Answer 7

Windpipe

Directs the flow of air in and out of the lungs

Question 8

Rings of cartilage

Answer 8

Prevents trachea from collapsing at low pressure

Question 9

Alveoli

Answer 9

Tiny air sacs, site for gas exchange
• Thin walls for diffusion
• Numerous
• Good blood supply maximizing absorbed oxygen
• Moist to diffuse and dissolve gases more quickly

Question 10

Diaphragm

Answer 10

Sheet of muscle at the bottom of the rib cage

Question 11

Rib Cage

Answer 11

12 pairs

Question 12

Gas Exchange

Answer 12

The process of oxygen diffusing into the bloodstream and water and carbon dioxide diffusing out

Question 13

Asthma

Answer 13

• Chronic inflammation of the bronchioles
• SYMPTOMS: Wheezy breathing, tightness of chest and shortness of breath
• CAUSE: Inflammation of the bronchioles by dust, pollen or air pollution
• PREVENTION: Avoid allergens like pollen, dust or air pollution
• TREATMENT: An inhaler containing bronchodilators

Question 14

Carbon dioxide is acidic or basic??

Answer 14

Acidic

Question 15

How does oxygen travel in body

Answer 15

Inhaled through alveolus
Dissolves in moisture
Then through endothelial wall of alveolus
Into bloodstream then red blood cells

Question 16

How does carbon dioxide travel in body

Answer 16

Dissolves in plasma
Then through endothelial wall of alveolus into moisture
Evaporates into air space
Excreted through lungs

Question 17

Inhalation

Answer 17

Active process involving brain and inspiration muscles

Question 18

Exhalation

Answer 18

A passive process involving the recoil of the elastic lung tissue

Question 19

Mechanism of Breathing

Answer 19

• Brain sends a nerve impulse to inspiratory muscles
• Intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract
• Diaphragm flattens
• Intercostal muscles move up and out
• Volume of thorax increases
• Thoracic air pressure decreases inside cavity
• Air rushes into lungs and alveoli
• Lungs expand and fill thoracic cavity