Human - Changing Economic World

Question 1

What does HDI involve?

Answer 1

• Life expectancy, literacy rate, GDP

- 0 is bad, 1 is good

Question 2

Number of tourists to Kenya per year?

Answer 2

1.8 million

Question 3

Improvement in tourism in Kenya?

Answer 3

0.9 million in 1995, 1.8 million now

Question 4

Percentage of Kenya’s GDP from tourism?

Answer 4

Over 12%

Question 5

Percentage of employment in Kenya from tourism?

Answer 5

10%

Question 6

Number of national parks in Kenya that charge for entry?

Answer 6

24

Question 7

HDI score increase in Kenya due to tourism since 2000?

Answer 7

0.44 to 0.55

Question 8

Tribespeople in Kenya who los land due to tourism?

Answer 8

Maasai

Question 9

Location of Nigeria?

Answer 9

• NW Africa
• Northern Hemisphere
• Borders: Benin, Niger, Chad, Cameroon
• South borders Atlantic Ocean (Gulf of Guinea)

Question 10

Global importance of Nigeria?

Answer 10

• NEE with highest predicted GDP growth from 2010 to 2015
• 12th largest oil producer
• Diversifying economy
• 5th largest contributor to UN peacekeeping

Question 11

African importance of Nigeria?

Answer 11

• Highest GDP in Africa (2014)
• Highest population (182 million)
• 3rd largest manufacturing sector
• Largest farm output (70% workers, 19 million cattle)

Question 12

Why was Nigeria less developed in past?

Answer 12

• Gained independence from Europe in 1960
• Sudden independence resulted in dictatorships ad Nigerian Civil War (1967-1970) against Biafra
• As government stabilised recently in became attractive to investors

Question 13

What fundamentalist group are still in Nigeria?

Answer 13

Boko Haram (in rural NE)

Question 14

Nigeria’s change in job sectors between 1999 and 2012?

Answer 14

• 30% LESS primary
• 20% MORE secondary
• 10% MORE tertiary

Question 15

How is Nigeria’s growing manufacturing sector boosting economy?

Answer 15

• Individual pay is higher
• Higher taxes for government
• Multiplier effect on other sectors
• Attracts TNCs

Question 16

Benefits of TNCs in Nigeria?

Answer 16

• Offer employment (U= 1500) (S= 6000)
• Workers protected by social responsibility programs (U= 2nd best company to work for in Nigeria in 2014)
• Can improve infrastructure

Question 17

Name 2 TNCs operating in Nigeria

Answer 17

• Unilever

- Shell oil

Question 18

Drawbacks to TNCs in Nigeria?

Answer 18

• Can cause pollution, e.g oil spills and toxic fumes (S)

- Can be risky to operate in areas of deprivation, e.g. oil theft costs billions per year (S)

Question 19

Why is aid given in Nigeria?

Answer 19

• Still very poor

- 60% population live on less than 63p per day

Question 20

Why isn’t aid always effective in Nigeria?

Answer 20

Corruption (money given to Navy)

Question 21

Give 3 examples of successes of aid in Nigeria?

Answer 21

• Nets for Life … Education on malaria and mosquito nets
• World Banks… Loans to businesses to diversify economy
• UK government… Health and HIV programme in rural areas

Question 22

How has Nigeria’s economic growth damaged the environment?

Answer 22

• Industry unchecked (10,000 small scale illegal industries)
• Air and water pollution from toxic waste
• 70-80% forests destroyed

Question 23

Increase in Nigeria’s HDI?

Answer 23

2005- 2018

14.4% increase

Question 24

How many people are employed in retail (a service - tertiary sector)?

Answer 24

4.4 million

Question 25

General trend of UK economy since 1900s?

Answer 25

- Primary sector DECREASE - Secondary sector DECREASE - Tertiary sector INCREASE (now 80% of workforce) - Quaternary sector BIRTH

Question 26

How many people are employed in IT (a service)?

Answer 26

60,000 +

Question 27

What is a footloose industry?

Answer 27

Don’t need raw materials so can move location anywhere

Question 28

How many people employed in footloose industry? (Work from home)

Answer 28

8.9% of UK in 2007

Question 29

How many people employed in finance (service)?

Answer 29

2 million +

Question 30

How much does finance make up of UK GDP?

Answer 30

10%

Question 31

How much spent on research and development by UK in 2013?

Answer 31

£30 billion

Question 32

Why is Cambridge Science Park located where it is?

Answer 32

- Transport links (near M11 to London and Stanstead airport) | - Near uni (educated workforce and good facilities)

Question 33

Number of companies and employees at Cambridge Science Park?

Answer 33

64 companies with 4000+ employees

Question 34

Knock-on impact of Cambridge Science Park?

Answer 34

1200 tech firms surrounding, employing 35,000

Question 35

Evidence of the North-South divide?

Answer 35

- Wages (in 2014 was 40% higher in London than Huddersfield) - Health (in 2012 East Dorset had 10 years higher life expectancy than Glasgow) - Education (higher GCSE results in south)

Question 36

How are the UK improving transport links?

Answer 36

- Proposed HS2 - Smart motorways increases capacity - Crossrail will increase 10% railway capacity - London Gateway on River Thames will be global hub

Question 37

How much does the UK export annually?

Answer 37

Over £250 billion

Question 38

Number of UK’s exports to the EU?

Answer 38

£130 billion