Human Geography Flashcards
(21 cards)
Natural increase
Births - deaths
Birth Rate
(Live birth / total population) x 1000
Death rate
(Total deaths / total population) x 1000
Net migration
Immigration - emigration
Total population change
Natural increase + ( + / - net migration)
Infant mortality rate
(Infant deaths < 1 years / total live births) x 1000
Doubling time
70 / natural increase (%)
Fertility rate
(Total live births / total number of women 15-44) x1000
Dependency ratio
% of workers vs % non-workers
100 x ((Population 0-14 + population 65+) / population 15-64)
Malthusianism
Thomas Malthus argued that the world could only support a finite population
If the population grew too large: population would outgrow food supply and would lower fertility rates or catastrophic events would bring balance
What made food geometrical
1800 - agricultural revolution
1950 - green revoltuion
1980- gmo
System definition
Bunch of elements that work together
Minimum fertility rate to replace population
2.1
Homeostatic plateau
When the population is equal to the carrying capacity of an area
Carrying capacity is often linked to the quality of food (basal metabolic rate)
Also linked to quality water supply
Population pyramid
Reflects past and present trends in population and shows a glimpse of the future
Primative/early expanding
High birthrate
Low life expectancy
Very wide base narrowing heavily toward the top
Expanding
High deathrate
High birthrate
Poor healthcare
Limited education
Improving life expectancy
Similar to early expanding
Late expanding
High birthrate
Lowering deathrates
Improving healthcare
Improving education
Increased life expectancy
Cultural lag
Stationary
Declining birthrates
Lowering deathrates
Good healthcare
Increased education
Increased life expectancy
Stable population
Contracting (zero growth)
Low birthrates
Low deathrates
High levels of healthcare
High levels of education
Large aging population
Demographic transition model
Shows movement of people and countries through levels of development
Has 4 stages
