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Interwar Test Flashcards

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1
Q

Chanak Crisis 1922 (Mackenzie King’s Response)

A

British requested for Canadian troops to fight in the Eastern Mediterranean
Turkey wants land back from Greece after Treaty of Versailles, Britain in favor of Greece
Arthur Meighen (conservative leader and imperialist) was in favor of Britain
PM Mackenzie-King delays calling parliament together to vote until crisis passed
Ultimately challenges the idea that dominions should help Britain whenever they ask

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2
Q

Dust Bowl

A

Dirty thirties (1930 - 1936)
Wheat glut
Severe dust storms throughout the Prairies (Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta)
Caused by over-farming and hot dry windy summer
Also experienced grasshopper infestation and wheat worms
Farmers heavily impacted

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3
Q

Group of seven

A

Group of painters in the 1920s which painted Canadian landscapes with modern artistic techniques

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4
Q

Falling global wheat prices

A

Canadian farms could not longer pay their debts

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5
Q

Pogey

A

Government relief payments for very poor people
Very strict criteria (means test)
Received vouchers for food (not enough to survive)

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6
Q

King/Byng Crisis 1926

A

Mackenzie King requests the governor general to call election, Byng (GG at the time) refuses
Led to forcing GG to follow PM orders in the future = Canada more independent

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7
Q

Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 1936

A

Fight against Americanization of Canada

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8
Q

Women rights

A

People Case
Established the right for women to be a part of the senate, HOC + considered a person
Initiated by the Famous Five
Did NOT establish the right to vote
Supreme court of Canada = says no, Privy Council = says yes

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9
Q

Women’s Christian Temperance Union / Prohibition

A

WCTU lobbies the government to ban the sale of alcohol
Government uses War Measures Act, in 1919 to ban it
In 1919 the ban is lifted because the WMA is no longer in affect

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10
Q

Emily Carr

A

Paints west coast landscape in different style than the traditional realist way

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11
Q

Primary resource dependence

A

Canada hasn’t diversified its economy yet
As people lost money the demand for Canadian resources dropped

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12
Q

The Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion 1936

A

In support of isolationism, Mackenzie King did not send troops to fight facism in Spain
Created a law banning Canadians to fight in foreign army (avoiding internal conflict)
1250 Canadians secretly leave Canada to fight to fight against fascists (forming Mackenzie-Papineau Battalion)

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13
Q

National Progressives 1920s

A

Forms coalition government with King in the 1925 election against Meighan

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14
Q

The Rowell-Sirois Commission 1937

A

Re-examine the economic and financial basis in Canada
Findings were presented in 1940
Federal government should take responsibility for unemployment

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15
Q

Cooperative Commonwealth Federation (CCF)

A

Former name of the current NDP party
Led by J.S Woodsworth
Regina Manifesto

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16
Q

Canada new deal

A

Progressive taxation (more you make more you pay)
Minimum wage
Uneployment insurance vs pogey
Health and accident insurance
Revised old age pension
Agricultural support
Regulation on wheat pricees

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17
Q

Treaty of Versailles 1919

A

Canada signed the Treaty of Versailles independently
Independent seat in the League of Nations

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18
Q

Imperial Conference 1926 / Balfour Report 1926

A

British politician Arthur Balfour declares that Canada and other colonies are autonomous communities within the British Empire
Dominions could pursue their own foreign policy autonomously from Britain

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19
Q

Boom and bust cycles

A

Economies expand as money is generated
The economy will continue to expand until market forces stop it causing the economy to shrink see people earned less and spending less

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20
Q

Allied Tribes of British Columbia 1916

A

Indigenous rights organization
Founded with the goal of negotiating compensation for loss of their rights + land
Advocated to provincial + federal government
Suppressed by government by 1930

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21
Q

Dionne Quintuplets 1934

A

Government used them as a tourist attraction
Government takes control of the children’s welfare
Leads to question of what is the role of government in a person’s daily life?

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22
Q

Social Credit

A

Alberta
Believed that capitalism was a wasteful economic system
Wanted the government to grant each person social credit (25$ a month)
“Bible Bill” Aberhart led the party
Party controlled Alberta until 1971

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23
Q

Winnipeg General Strike 1919 (bloody Saturday)

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A

Saturday June 21, 1919:
In 1918, the Winnipeg City Council makes going on strike illegal for workers
Employees go on strike and council backs down
Winnipeg shuts down as 30, 000 workers go on strike
Government sees this as a lead up to communist revolution
2 killed 20 injured

24
Q

The Pension Act 1926

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A

240 dollars a year for British subjects over 70 years old and having lived in Canada for at least 20 years
Means test + 365 dollars a year = ineligible

25
Statue of Westminster 1931
Canada could decide their own foreign policy
26
Regina Manifesto
Hand over economic control to the federal government Greater control of banking through the socialization of finance; Establish state ownership of transportation, communications, and electric power companies; Create agriculture programs to stabilize prices and production; increase the regulation of international trade; create co-operative institutions to help farmers buy what they need at fair prices; write a new labour code to give workers more power to determine working conditions, as well as to provide insurance for work-related injuries (see Workers’ Compensation); provide free medical coverage to Canadians with government-run health care; amend the Constitution to abolish the Senate and to give the federal government more control over national economic development; reorient external relations to promote peace and disarmament; establish fairer tax policies; amend the Criminal Code and rewrite immigration laws to allow more freedom of expression and equal treatment before the law; make the social justice system fairer to all; implement an emergency program of social spending to address the immediate challenges of the Depression.
27
Royal Commission on Radio Broadcasting 1929
Examined Canadian broadcasting industry Report released in 1929 Concluded that Canada needed its own broadcasting system + needed to regulate broadcasting throughout country Led to 1932 creation of CRBC which became the CBC
28
Isolationism 1920s
Led by PM Mackenzie-King Canada (and the USA) wanted to pull away from European politics and focus on economic growth
29
International debt
USA lost large amounts of money as foreign economies faltered (Germany, Russia) US banks called foreign loans making recession worse
30
Foster Hewitt
“He shoots, he scores!” Voice of Hockey night in Canada
31
R.B. Bennett
King fails to respond to depression and in 1930 R.B. Bennett is elected He created relief camps for unemployed Used tariffs Canada's new deal
32
Immigration & Pier 21
Between 1915 - 1925, 400,000 Canadians leave to USA and Europe Pier 21 = main port of entry for Europeans (Ppoles, Scores, Irish)
33
Laissez Faire
If it ain't broke don't fix it
34
John Maynard Keynes (Keynesian Economics)
British economist and philosopher Keynesian Economics Believed that the government should do deficit financing to make up for the decline in investment and increase people’s spending Use borrowed money to stimulate economy which can be repaid in the future Invest money and lower taxes to increase public demand (people have money = buy stuff = more demand = need more supply = jobs)
35
Buying on the margin
Borrowing money to buy stocks
36
Economic cycles - recovery
Production increases to meet increased consumer demand Production up, spending up, employment up, inflation down, wages up
37
Economic nationalism
As recession got worse world governments used tariffs to boost internal production Problem was Canada relied heavily on exporting raw materials More money lost on stock market for exporting companies
38
Canadian Embassy in USA 1927
Opens first foreign embassy in Washington
39
Causes of the depression
Overproduction, stock market, economic nationalism, international debt, falling global wheat prices, primary resource dependence
40
Equalization Payments
Take tax money and distribute it to provinces More money to struggling provinces
41
Authur Meighen
Conservative During King-Byng crisis Byng wanted Meighen to take office
42
Means test
Inspection to see if you were eligible for something (ex. pension act)
43
Union Nationale 1931
Froms under influence of Catholic church Led by Maurice Duplisses Against communism
44
Spanish Influenza 1918
30,000 - 50,000 Canadians killed (20 million worldwide) Canada establishes department of health
45
On-to-Ottawa Trek
Workers demand real jobs rather than unemployment camps Travel by train and truck to Vancouver in order to protests -> 2000 people join by when they reach Regina -> on their way to Ottawa but stopped in Regina Bennett orders RCMP to break up the protesters + accuses leaders to be communist agitators
46
Economic cycles - recession
Slow down No new jobs/layoffs Employment down, spending down, inflation down (not purchasing)
47
Aboriginal Assimilation
Bill 14 calls enfranchisement for indigenous war veterans but not for those on reserves
48
Stock market
People often borrowed money to buy stocks (buying on the margin) Overspeculation inflated stock prices
49
Norman Bethune
Doctor that fights in spain and later dies in China helping the communists
50
Speculation
Gambling on stocks
51
William Lyon Mackenzie King
Did not take action when the stock market crashed in 1929, led to Bennett’s victory in 1930 election Re-elected in 1935 (Bennett did not have time to implement Canada’s New Deal) Purvis Commission 1938 Recommended that Mackenzie King spend 20 million on creating employment, King spends 1 million Unemployment should be federal, not provincial problem
52
Economic cycles - prosperity
Employment up, wages up, spending up
53
The Halibut Treaty 1923
Canada negotiates with the USA about an economic exclusion zone Conflict over fishing rights in the water First international treaty made by Canada independently
54
Dominion day/Regina riots
Bennett arrested the leaders + 300 people City damaged, people injured Contributed to Bennett’s election loss in 1935
55
Protectionism/Tariffs
As recession grew worse, international governments implemented tariffs to promote internal markets Canadian exporting goods = not needed
56
Overproduction
Too much supply compared to demand When companies inventory were full and did not sell, the value of their stocks fell
57
Trade Unions
1917 USSR spread communist ideologies In 1919, union leaders created the One Big Union (OBU) Asked for: Better wages Legal recognition as a union 6 hour work day + 5 day work week Had 50,000 members by 1920

Socials 10 (9 decks)

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