Human Health Rights and Intervention Knowledge

Question 1

What is the definition of development in the 21st Century?

Answer 1

The idea of what 21st Century life should consist of, including essentials like access to clean water and electricity, services, and opportunities.

Question 2

What does GDP and GDP per capita measure?

Answer 2

Measures of wealth and mean wealth through income. A high GDP per capita could represent a high-earning population.

Question 3

What is life expectancy?

Answer 3

An estimate of how long a person will live, based on predicted advances, current services, and the risk of diseases.

Question 4

How does literacy rate correlate to economic output?

Answer 4

A well-educated workforce tends to earn higher wages, impacting their personal lives.

Question 5

What does the infant mortality rate indicate?

Answer 5

Quality of healthcare and attitudes towards children, as infants are among the most vulnerable members of society.

Question 6

What is the Happy Planet Index?

Answer 6

Links life expectancy, wellbeing, and equality with the impact of ecological footprint, without an economic component.

Question 7

What does the KOF Index of Globalisation measure?

Answer 7

The strength of links between countries using economic, social, and political criteria.

Question 8

What does the World Happiness Index measure?

Answer 8

Alternative ideas like social support, generosity, and corruption, based on population feelings about government transparency.

Question 9

Which regions are considered the most developed according to the Human Development Index?

Answer 9

Northern America, Europe, Ireland, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and New Zealand.

Question 10

What common factors contribute to the high development of certain nations?

Answer 10

• Large economies and advancing technology
• Well-structured cities and towns
• Free education systems

Question 11

What unique development characteristic does Costa Rica have?

Answer 11

Abolished its army, spending its defense budget on education, health provisions, and pensions.

Question 12

What significant health achievement does Vietnam have?

Answer 12

Relatively high life expectancy for a developing country due to large education and public service provisions.

Question 13

What are some characteristics of Norway regarding the Happy Planet Index?

Answer 13

Free education, public pensions, healthcare, and a strong sense of community, though with a high ecological footprint.

Question 14

Why might literacy rates be unreliable?

Answer 14

Countries often measure their own literacy rates, which may be inflated to avoid intervention.

Question 15

What does Rosling argue about health and development?

Answer 15

Health and life expectancy directly correlate with a country’s development.

Question 16

What is the Westernisation model in governance?

Answer 16

A model based on democracy and capitalism, where the population has equal rights in governance.

Question 17

What is capitalism?

Answer 17

An economic system where industry is owned by private businesses, aimed at making profit.

Question 18

What are the criticisms of Western development?

Answer 18

• Unsustainable lifestyles
• Conflicts with religious laws
• High inequality

Question 19

What is Sharia Law?

Answer 19

A model of non-secular governance where law and religion are intertwined, differing significantly from Western laws.

Question 20

What is Bolivia’s approach to sustainability?

Answer 20

The Law of Mother Earth, focusing on rights for nature and reducing resource consumption.

Question 21

What are some characteristics of communism?

Answer 21

• State-owned industries
• Reduced competition
• Focus on regulated working conditions

Question 22

What are the issues faced by authoritarian states?

Answer 22

• Persecution of dissent
• Limited freedoms
• Poor development records

Question 23

What health challenges do developing countries face?

Answer 23

• Poor healthcare
• Malnutrition
• Lack of clean water
• Climate-related diseases

Question 24

What health advantages do developed countries typically have?

Answer 24

• Excellent access to clean water
• Disposable income for health improvements
• Advanced healthcare access

Question 25

What health issues are prevalent in developed nations?

Answer 25

* Lifestyle choices leading to obesity * Urban susceptibility to infectious diseases

Question 26

What causes variations in health within a country?

Answer 26

Directly related to inequality and economic conditions.

Question 27

What are some reasons for the improvement in life expectancy in the UK?

Answer 27

* Changing employment * Increasing wealth * Stricter health regulations

Question 28

What factors contribute to economic decline in UK counties?

Answer 28

Often due to deindustrialisation.

Question 29

What factors contribute to higher life expectancies in certain populations?

Answer 29

Higher average incomes allow for spending on lifestyle improvements such as gym memberships and home-cooked foods ## Footnote Higher life expectancies are often linked to better health and lifestyle choices.

Question 30

What recent changes have contributed to fewer risks to life in the last decade?

Answer 30

Stricter health & safety regulations, increased vaccination programmes, and improved public knowledge of hazards ## Footnote These changes have collectively reduced health risks in various environments.

Question 31

Name two factors that can lead to lower life expectancies in certain UK areas.

Answer 31

* Economic decline due to deindustrialisation * Cultural habits promoting excessive drinking and smoking ## Footnote Specific regions like former mining towns in Scotland and Wales are affected.

Question 32

What impact does urban density have on health?

Answer 32

Densely populated cities are more vulnerable to infectious diseases ## Footnote High movement of people increases the risk of disease spread.

Question 33

List three reasons for health inequality within a population.

Answer 33

* Gender * Ethnicity * Socio-economic groups ## Footnote Health disparities can arise from various social and economic factors.

Question 34

How can gender roles influence health outcomes?

Answer 34

Men may have lower life expectancies due to exposure to hazardous occupations, such as mining ## Footnote This is evident in both England and Africa.

Question 35

What is the relationship between socio-economic status and health?

Answer 35

Low socio-economic groups often work in riskier jobs and have lower education rates, affecting their health ## Footnote Education influences health literacy and job opportunities.

Question 36

What challenges do indigenous and minority communities face regarding health?

Answer 36

* Limited provisions for their culture * Physical isolation from health services ## Footnote These factors contribute to lower life expectancies and health issues.

Question 37

What role does education play in a country's development?

Answer 37

Education improves lifestyles, increases productivity, and enhances future opportunities ## Footnote It is a key factor in breaking the cycle of poverty.

Question 38

What is the purpose of night schools?

Answer 38

To provide vocational skills education for individuals above 18 ## Footnote Night schools can help improve productivity and income.

Question 39

What is primary education and its significance?

Answer 39

Standard education up to age 11 that teaches basic reading and writing ## Footnote It is crucial for health literacy and informed decision-making.

Question 40

What are barriers to education in the 21st Century?

Answer 40

* Gender inequality * Epidemics * Conflict * Corrupt governments ## Footnote These factors can prevent children from attending school.

Question 41

How does economic development relate to social development?

Answer 41

Higher income allows for investment in healthcare and education, improving social well-being ## Footnote Economic growth can lead to better health outcomes.

Question 42

What are the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)?

Answer 42

A framework for development focused on eradicating poverty, achieving universal education, and promoting gender equality ## Footnote The MDGs were active from 2000 to 2015.

Question 43

What was the outcome of the MDGs regarding poverty?

Answer 43

Halved the number of people living on $1.25, but 1 in 8 still remain hungry ## Footnote Progress was made, but challenges persist.

Question 44

What is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)?

Answer 44

A document with 30 articles outlining rights of freedom and justice, established in 1948 ## Footnote It serves as a foundation for international law.

Question 45

What are the criticisms surrounding the UDHR?

Answer 45

It is seen as favoring Western values and imposing on traditional cultures ## Footnote Some countries argue for prioritizing economic development over human rights.

Question 46

What is the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR)?

Answer 46

A treaty promoting democracy and freedom with 59 articles, aimed at unifying Europe ## Footnote It has 47 signatories and addresses various human rights issues.

Question 47

What does the Geneva Convention protect?

Answer 47

* Civilians * Wounded armed forces * Prisoners of war * Shipwrecked navy forces ## Footnote It sets international rules for wartime conduct.

Question 48

What is the impact of political corruption on development?

Answer 48

It diverts resources from essential services, stifles economic growth, and undermines trust in government ## Footnote Corruption disproportionately affects the poorest populations.

Question 49

What is the focus of the British Human Rights Report?

Answer 49

To target countries notorious for modern slavery, discrimination, and homophobic attitudes ## Footnote It aims to promote global human rights.

Question 50

Name an example of cultural shift for women's rights in Saudi Arabia.

Answer 50

Women gained the right to drive in 2016 due to public pressure ## Footnote This change reflects evolving attitudes towards gender equality.

Question 51

What educational initiative was supported by USAid in Pakistan?

Answer 51

A dairy project trained 9,000 women and provided scholarships for higher education ## Footnote This initiative aimed to improve gender equality and education access.