Flashcards in Human Movement Science Deck (33)
Loading flashcards...
1
Sensory receptors responsible for sensing distortion in body tissues
Mechanoreceptors
2
Receptors sensitive to change and rate of change of tension
Golgi tendon organs
3
Receptors sensitive to change in length of the muscle and rate of that change
Muscle spindles
4
The functional unit of the nervous system
The neuron
5
Receptors that respond to pressure, acceleration, and deceleration in the joint
Joint receptors
6
The system that acts as the body’s communication network, gathers and interprets information, and determines all movement
Nervous system
7
What are the three functions of the nervous system?
Sensory, integrative, and motor
8
The ability to sense body position and limb movement relative to adjacent parts of the body and the environment
Proprioception
9
What are the four benefits to training proprioceptive abilities?
Improved balance, posture, coordination, and the ability to adapt to changing environments
10
What are the three main parts of a neuron?
Cell body, Axon, dendrites
11
Transmit nerve impulses from receptors in tissues to the CNS
Sensory (afferent) neurons
12
Transmit nerve impulses from the CNS to effector sites in muscles or organs
Motor (efferent) neurons
13
Transmits nerve impulses from one neuron to another
Interne Urins
14
The portion of the nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord
Central nervous system
15
Cranial and spinal nerves that spread throughout the body
Peripheral nervous system
16
Primary connective tissue that connects bones together and provides stability and input to the nervous system
Ligaments
17
Flattened or indented portion of bone which can be a muscle attachment site
Depression
18
Portion of the skeletal system that consists of the skull, rib cage, and vertebral column
Axial skeleton
19
Portion of the skeletal system that includes the bones that connect to the spinal column including the upper and lower extremities
Appendicular skeleton
20
Bone with a cylindrical body (shaft) that are longer than they are wide and enlarge and widen at each end
Long bone
21
Cube or box shaped bones that are nearly as wide as they are long; made out of mostly sponge bone tissue to maximize shock absorption
Short bones
22
Thin bones made of two layers of compact bone tissue around a layer of spongy bone tissue
Flat bone
23
Bones of unique shape and function that do not fit the characteristics of other categories
Irregular bones
24
Small, often round bones embedded in a joint capsule
Sesamoid bones
25
The motions of the joints in the body
Arthrokinematics
26
What are three types of joint motion?
Roll, slide, and spin
27
What are the six types of joints related to movement?
Gliding, condyloid, pivot, and ball-and-socket
28
Joints held together by a joint capsule and ligaments; most associated with movement in the body
Synovial joints
29
Most mobile joints that allow motion in all three planes
Ball-and-socket
30
What does bone do in response to progressive exercise
Gets stronger
31
What can prevent bone injuries related to falls?
Maintaining muscle strength, coordination, and balance
32
What is the best exercise to help strengthen bone?
Weight-bearing exercise
33
