Human Nervous System

Question 1

Effectors

Answer 1

Muscles and glands

Question 2

Sensory function

Answer 2

Sensory receptors detect the changes in the external environment and the environment within the organism

Question 3

Integrative function

Answer 3

CNS integrates the information

Question 4

Motor function

Answer 4

Effectors to bring about response

Question 5

Stimulus

Answer 5

Any physical or chemical change in the environment ( both internal and external) that is capable of causing a response in an organism

Question 6

Myelinated

Answer 6

Neuron covered by myelin sheath

Question 7

Neurolgia

Answer 7

Cells bind neurons together to give support and help with nutrition of the cells

Question 8

Nerve impulse

Answer 8

A wave of depolarization ( also called an action potential) traveling along a nerve fiber in response to stimulation

Question 9

Synaptic cleft

Answer 9

The gap separating neurons

Question 10

Synapse

Answer 10

The junction across which a nerve impulse passes from an axon terminal to a neuron, a muscle or a gland cell.

Question 11

Neurotransmitter

Answer 11

A chemical substance released from axon terminals at a synapse to either stimulate or inhibit the postsynaptic membrane

Question 12

Myoneural synapse

Answer 12

The synapse between the terminal branches of a motor neuron and a muscle

Question 13

Nerve fiber

Answer 13

Extension of a nerve cell or neuron

I.e. Axon or dendrite

Question 14

Nerve

Answer 14

Large number of neuron fibers (which may/ my not be myelinated) bound together by connective tissue into bundles and surrounded by epineurium

Question 15

Meninges

Answer 15

Protective and nourishing connective tissue covering brain

Question 16

Cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 16

A fluid formed from blood plasma in special areas in the walls of the ventricles. It protects CNS & prevents cells drying out

Question 17

Vasodilation

Answer 17

Widening of blood cells

Question 18

Vasoconstriction

Answer 18

Narrowing of blood vessels

Question 19

Spinal cord

Answer 19

Elongated rod of nervous tissue that extends from the medulla oblongata through the foramen magnum

Question 20

Ganglion

Answer 20

A small mass of sensory neuron cell bodies, found mainly in the peripheral nervous system

Question 21

Automatic

Answer 21

Done without having to think

Question 22

Reflex action

Answer 22

Fast, automatic response by an effectors organ or a gland, to a stimulus received by a receptor organ

Question 23

Reflex arc

Answer 23

Pathway along which nerve impulses are carried from a receptor to am effectors to bring about a reflex action

Question 24

Nissl granules

Answer 24

Groups of ribosomes int the neuroplasm that are involved with protein synthesis

Question 25

Neurilemma

Answer 25

A collective name for the outer sheath made up of Schwann cells

Question 26

Schwann cells

Answer 26

Wrap themselves around the axon several times.

The inner, concentric layers of fatty tissue fuse to form myelin sheath

Question 27

Free nerve endings

Answer 27

Sensory nerve endings

Question 28

Myoneural synapse

Answer 28

The terminal branch of a motor neuron and muscle

Question 29

Nerve fiber

Answer 29

Extension of a nerve cell or neuron, i.e. An axon or dendrite

Question 30

Nerve

Answer 30

Consists of a large number of neuron fibers (may/ may not be myelinated) bound together by connective tissue into bundles and surrounded by a sheath of connective tissue, the epineurium

Question 31

Gyri

Answer 31

Folds

Question 32

Sulci

Answer 32

Grooves

Question 33

Co- ordination

Answer 33

The way in which information is communicated between the receptors of the body, the central nervous system and the effectors to bring about appropriate reactions to any change in environment