Human Nutrition

Question 1

what do carbohydrate contain

Answer 1

carbon
hydrogen
oxygen

Question 2

name two large Complex carbohydrates

Answer 2

Starch and glycogen ( made up of lots of smaller units)

Question 3

what are proteins made of

Answer 3

Amino acids

Question 4

what do anion acids contain

Answer 4

carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxyg n

Question 5

what are lipids made from

Answer 5

fatty acids and glycerol

Question 6

how to test for glucose

Answer 6

Benedict’s reagent
you add Benedict’s reagent (which is blue) to a sample and heat it make sure the solution doesn’t boil. if test is positive it will form a completed precipitate
blue –> green –> yellow –> orange –> brick red

Question 7

what’s the test for starch

Answer 7

iodine

if starch is present solution changes from Browny orange to a dark blue black

Question 8

what food are carbohydrates found in

Answer 8

pasta, rice , sugar

Question 9

what do carbohydrates provide

Answer 9

energy

Question 10

where are lipids found

Answer 10

butter, oily fish

Question 11

what to lipids provide

Answer 11

enjoy act as am energy store and provide insulation

Question 12

where are proteins found

Answer 12

meat and fish

Question 13

what is the function of proteins

Answer 13

needed for growth and repair of tissue and to provide energy in emergencies

Question 14

where is vitamin a found

Answer 14

liver

Question 15

what is the function of vitamin a

Answer 15

helps to improve vision and keep skin and hair healthy

Question 16

where is vitamin c found

Answer 16

oranges

Question 17

what is the function of vitamin c

Answer 17

to prevent scurvy

Question 18

where is vitamin D found

Answer 18

eggs

Question 19

what is the function of vitamin D

Answer 19

needed to absorb calcium

Question 20

what vitamin is formed in body due to exposure to sun

Answer 20

Vitamin D

Question 21

two types of mineral ions

Answer 21

calcium

iron

Question 22

where is calcium found

Answer 22

milk, cheese

Question 23

what is the function of calcium

Answer 23

to make bones and teeth

Question 24

where is iron found

Answer 24

red meat

Question 25

what is the function of iron

Answer 25

needed to make haemoglobin for healthy blood

Question 26

what is the function of water

Answer 26

nearly all bodily fluids function rely on water | constant supply needed to replace water lost through urinating breathing and sweating

Question 27

dietary fiber ( wholemeal bread) function

Answer 27

aids the movement of food through the gut

Question 28

what are the 6 essential nutrients the body needs

Answer 28

``` carbohydrates proteins lipids vitamins minerals water ```

Question 29

what age range needs more energy

Answer 29

children and teenager's but depends on activity levels

Question 30

how can you measure how much energy food has

Answer 30

set the food on fire and see how much it raises the temperature of water by

Question 31

what is the equation to work out energy in joules

Answer 31

energy in food = mass of water x temperature change of water x 4.2

Question 32

equation for energy in joules per gram

Answer 32

energy per gram of food = energy in food/ mass of food

Question 33

name 3 big molecules that are too big to pass through the walls of the digestive system

Answer 33

starch proteins fats

Question 34

name 4 molecules that are very small and soluble which can pass easily through the digestive system

Answer 34

sugars amino acids glycerol fatty acids

Question 35

what is the role of the digestive system

Answer 35

break down big molecules into smaller ones

Question 36

what converts starch into maltose

Answer 36

amylase enzyme

Question 37

what converts maltose into glucose

Answer 37

maltase

Question 38

what converts proteins into amino acids

Answer 38

proteases

Question 39

what converts lipids into glycerol and fatty acids

Answer 39

lipases

Question 40

what is bile for

Answer 40

neutralising the stomach acid

Question 41

where are the salivary glands

Answer 41

I'm the mouth

Question 42

what is produced in salovay

Answer 42

amylase enzyme

Question 43

what is the oesophagus

Answer 43

a muscular tube that connects the mouth and stomach

Question 44

where is bile produced

Answer 44

liver

Question 45

where is bile stored

Answer 45

gall bladder

Question 46

what happens in the large intestines

Answer 46

excess water is absorbed from food

Question 47

where is the progress enzyme pepsin produced

Answer 47

stomach

Question 48

what happens in the pancreas

Answer 48

produced protease, amylase and loose enzymes. it releases these onto the small intestine

Question 49

anus

Answer 49

where faeces bid your body a fond farewell

Question 50

where are nutrients absorbed

Answer 50

small intestine

Question 51

how is food moved through the guy

Answer 51

by peristalsis

Question 52

what are the 5 main stages of digestion

Answer 52

``` ingestion digestion absorption assimilation egestion ``` see page 17

Question 53

what is used to help with absorption in the small intestine

Answer 53

villi