human superpower case studys

Question 1

British Empire as a hard Empire

Answer 1

• founded an expoloration and sea power
• royal navy dominated 1700-1930
• protected trading routes

Question 2

British Empire as a soft power

Answer 2

british military personnel, civil servants and entrepreneurs emigrated to India
educated Indians occupied lower administrative positions

Question 3

How did the British Empire decline

Answer 3

• economic decline- britain had overspent on war
• loss of military influence- heavy losses during the war
• loss of colonies- many colonies fought for the allies with their own independent armies

Question 4

Mackinder heartland theory

Answer 4

• identified a region of Eurasia from Russia to China = heartland
• control of it meant control of the globe’s human and physical resources
• supports the global shift

Question 5

criticisms of Mackinder heartland theory

Answer 5

• its inability to make allowances for technological advances
• railway as key in uniting the heartland, never happened
• advances in satellite, missile and atomic and technologies have overshadowed the strategic importance of physical geography

Question 6

the cold war 1947-1991 what was the worlds power during it

Answer 6

bi-polar world
the USA and USSR

Question 7

what are critisisms of intellectual property

Answer 7

• in october 2020, south africa and india proposed a broad waiver of COVID-19 vaccines, tests, and treatement
• In June 2022 the World Trade Organsiation provided for a partial waiver of intellectual property rights
• many developing countries still are prevented today from accessing the vaccine, as they lack access to other types od intellectual property such as trade secrets

Question 8

what are the environmental impacts are their from China and Africas relationship?

Answer 8

• chinese imports of tropical timber have been linked with widespread illegal logging in Mozambique
• oil spills linked to Chinese- funded oil wells have been reported in Chad, Suddan, and Angola
• the extraction of the metallic ore coltan leads to widespread forest loss and river pollution

Question 9

Why are china expanding to Africa

Answer 9

Maintain resources
And power

Question 10

How would the belt and road policy benefit china

Answer 10

Would create huge wealth in isolated parts of china
Creates a bigger connection to other markets

Question 11

How willing are USA to reduce carbon emissions

Answer 11

Despite decision not to sign up to Kyoto protocol emissions per capita have fallen to around three tonnes

Question 12

China and carbon emission

Answer 12

Very high emission that are said to rise as affluence increases
Whatever china does will have a disproportionate impact on global emissions because the growth is due to rise still