HY Pharm Flashcards

Question

pyrimidine analogs

Answer 1

cytarabine (Ara-C) | Gemcitabine

Answer 2

pyrimidine analog undergoes conversion by deoxycitidine kinase incorporate into DNA, competitively inhibits DNAP crosses BBB, intrathecal admin -ocular toxicity/cerebellar ataxia non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema

Answer 3

pyrimidine analog intracellular activation by deoxycitidine kinase inhibits DNAP, ribonculeotide reductase

Answer 4

purine analog interferes w/ DNA synthesis use: CLL AE: immune damage to rbc --> hemolytic anemia

Answer 5

doxorubicin daunorubicin diffuse into cell passively, intercalate between base pairs --> damage, breakage also Topo II inhibition which disables strand repair also undergo electron reductions that turn agents into ROS --> damage too lipid membranes, intracellular macromolecules, DNA also release Fe --> more intercalation of DNA ``` myelosuppression alopecia N/V urine color changes vesicants (tissue damage if leaks out) cardiotoxicity (acute: EKG changes, chronic: dec LVEF func) ```

Answer 6

binds to DNA and oxygen free radical form --> single /ds breaks - cell cycle specific at G2 use: Hodgkins AE: pulm fibrosis

Answer 7

vinca alkaloids tacanes camptothecins

Answer 8

plant alkaloid, m-phase, disrupts MT formation NHL/ALL neuropathies (paresthesias, dec autonomic fxn, constipation)

Answer 9

plant alkaloid, m-phase, disrupts MT formation use: Hodgkins BM suppression (*neutropenia)

Answer 10

plant alkaloid, m-phase, disrupts MT formation use: NSCLC, breast BM suppression

Answer 11

paclitaxel docetaxel enhance MT polymerization use: breast/lung/ovarian myelosuppresion - neutropenia thrombocytopenia hand-foot syndrome

Answer 12

irinotecan inhibit topo I (can't relax/nick ssRNA to replicate DNA, transcribe RNA etc) AE: diarrhea! (atropine for acute, loperamide for delayed)

Answer 13

glucocorticoids cytotoxic action, immunosuppressive effects by reducing activity and number of lymphocytic cells AE: glucose intolerance, insomnia, agitation, jitteriness, appetite stimulation, weight gain, fluid retention

Answer 14

glucocorticoid

Answer 15

androgen suppresses pituitary output of FSH and LH use: BM failure and myelodysplasia AE: edema/flushing/HTN/hirsuitism/voice changes/inc in leukocytes/erythrocytes/platelers

Answer 16

anti-androgen binds androgen receptor and inhibits uptake binding in nucleus use: prostate cancer AE: hot flashes, dec libido, gynecomastia, transient LFT abnormalities

Answer 17

anti-androgen binds androgen receptor and inhibits uptake binding in nucleus use: prostate cancer AE: hot flashes, dec libido, gynecomastia, transient LFT abnormalities

Answer 18

anti-estrogen competes w/ estrogen for binding to estrogen receptor cell cycle specific --> blocks in mid-G1 also stimulate TGF-beta which then inhibits TGF-alpha and IGF-1 --> dec proliferation of cell AE: menopausal, fluid retention, tumor flare, DVT, PE, endometrial hypERplasia

Answer 19

anti-estrogen competes w/ estrogen for binding to estrogen receptor cell cycle specific --> blocks in mid-G1 also stimulate TGF-beta which then inhibits TGF-alpha and IGF-1 --> dec proliferation of cell AE: menopausal, fluid retention, tumor flare, DVT, PE, endometrial hypERplasia

Answer 20

aromatase inhibitor, blocks conversion of androgens to estrogens (via inhib P450) use: post-menopausal women w/ breast cancer AE: hot flashes, tumor flare, peripheral edema, asthenia

Answer 21

selective, reversible aromatase inhibitor use: post-menopausal women w/ breast cancer AE: arthralgia, musculoskeletal pain, hot flashes, LFT elevations

Answer 22

IRreversible aromatase inhibitor use: post-menopausal women w/ breast cancer AE: hot flashes, fatigue, HA

Answer 23

LH-RH agonist inhibit gonadotropin via neg feedback inhib of pituitary, ultimately --> dec prod of endogenous testosterone/estrogen use: PRE-menopausal women w/ breast cancer, testicular cancer ``` AE: tumor flare (initial LH/FSH release) peripheral edema asthenia hot flashes gynecomastia alterations in serum lipids bone loss w/ long-term use ```

Answer 24

LH-RH agonist use: breast/prostate

Answer 25

anti-HER2 breast cancer ``` AE: infusion rxn generalized pain/asthenia/HA myelosuppression cardiotox (unique to this MoAb) ```

Answer 26

anti-VEGF colorectal/lung/breast/renal cell/brain ``` AE: BLACK BOX--> impaired wound healing, GI perforation, hemorrhage HTN thrombotic events bleeding episodes ```

Answer 27

anti-CD20 NHL ``` AE: immunosuppressive infusion rxn tumor lysis (hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypOcalcemia, inc in uric acid) skin rxn ```

Answer 28

anti-EGFR colorectal/H,N/lung ``` AE: infusion rxn acneiform rash asthenia N/V hepatotoxicity ```

Answer 29

anti-complement C5

Answer 30

BCR-ABL inhibitor CML AE: edema, fluid retention cytopenia elevated LFTs cardiotoxicity

Answer 31

EGFR inhibitor lung cancer AE: acneiform rash diarrhea rash ILD

Answer 32

imid, inhibit fb gfac and inhibit VEGF also immunomodulatory, inhibit TNF-alpha ... etc use: multiple myeloma ``` AE: TERATOGEN neurotoxicity (axonal damage) sedation depression hypOthyroidism CV asymptomatic bradycardia peripheral edema thrombosis ```

Answer 33

imid, unkown mech (moreso immunomodulatory) use: multiple myeloma AE: TERATOGEN cytopenia thrombotic events

Answer 34

hypOmethylation agent (re-expression of epigenetically silenced genes) use: MDS AE: myelosuppression N/V diarrhea

Answer 35

hypOmethylation agent (re-expression of epigenetically silenced genes) use: MDS AE: myelosuppression N/V diarrhea

Answer 36

proteasome inhibitor acts like a spoon in the proteosome disposal, blocking access by ubiquitinated proteins --> accumulation of cell cycle speciqc proteins, ultimately preventing cell cycle progression and leading to apoptosis (also lead to accumulation of IkB which then inactivates NFkB, preventing growth of myeloma cells and prompting apoptosis) use: MM, NHL AE: fatigue/malaise myelosuppression peripheral neuropathy

Answer 37

DTI reversal agent

Answer 38

direct factor Xa inhibitor reversal agent

Answer 39

immunomodulatory agents that bind to specifc cell receptors --> enhanced activity of immune effector cells, etc use: AIDS Kaposi sarcoma, chronic leukemias, renal cell cancers, and malignant melanoma AE: flu-like syndrome, can be severe and dose-limiting, fatigue, anorexia, liver infammation, and autoimmune disorders

Answer 40

use: RCC, malignant melanoma ``` AE: CV effects CNS GI Hematologic renal pulm ```

Answer 41

Thrombopoietin mimetics use: stimulating the production of platelets in patients with ITP, an AI disease where platelets and megakaryocytes are destroyed by auto-antibodies

Answer 42

Thrombopoietin mimetics use: stimulating the production of platelets in patients with ITP, an AI disease where platelets and megakaryocytes are destroyed by auto-antibodies

Answer 43

epoetin alfa darbepoetin alfa indicated for pt receiving chemo AE: hypertension, arthralgias, and rash

Answer 44

Erythropoietin stimulating agent

Answer 45

Erythropoietin stimulating agent

Answer 46

filgrastim | pegfilgrastim

Answer 47

granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)

Answer 48

granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)

Answer 49

synergistic (enhances cytotoxic effects)

Answer 50

neutralizes bladder-toxic metabolite prod by ifosfamide and cyclophisohamide

Answer 51

protects against cardiotoxicity during arthacyclines give w/I 30 min!!!!

Answer 52

tx cholinergic acute diarrhea seen w/ irinotecan (camptothecin, topo I inhibitor)

Answer 53

reverses UFH, LMWH

Answer 54

Fondaparinux

Answer 55

tx of - DA antagonist AE - Erlotinib AE (acneiform rash pruitus)

Answer 56

tx of tumor lysis syndrome catalyzes the oxidation of uric acid to the more soluble allantoin

Answer 57

tx of tumor lysis syndrome prevents the accumulation of uric acid by blocking the metabolism of hypoxanthine and xanthine to uric acid

HY Pharm Flashcards

(84 cards)