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Agri Tech 25 > Hydralic Princables > Flashcards

Hydralic Princables Flashcards

(87 cards)

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1
Q

What does a steering orbital do

A

Allows for assistance in steering larger vehicles and allows a fixed steering system even if the machine is inoperable

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2
Q

How does a steering orbital spring back into place

A

Using leaf springs which also create steering resistance

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3
Q

What does open centre mean

A

It means always working

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4
Q

What is flow

A

Cause by difference in pressure at 2 points

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5
Q

What is velocity

A

It is average speed of which particles pass a point

Speed in a given direction

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6
Q

What is flow rate

A

Volume of liquid passing a point at a given time

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7
Q

What is laminar flow

A

Flow which is smooth and uninterrupted

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8
Q

What is turbulent flow

A

Flow which is irrational and causes heat to form

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9
Q

Does pressure drop after an orafice

A

Yes because the pressure is build up before the orafice, once it passes it drops down

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10
Q

How does Bernulies princable work

A

As pressure decreases above an object velocity will increase and pull it up

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11
Q

If on a hydraulic schematic an object is in a dotted box what does this mean

A

It is one component

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12
Q

What does a fluid conditioning device look like on a schematic

A

It is a square

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13
Q

What does a closed centre drawing look like

A

All ends are closed off nothing is working

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14
Q

What does an open centre drawing look like

A

It is like an open goal or a big h all working

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15
Q

What does a tandem drawing look like

A

It is a crying clown bottom 2 are connected and top 2 are capped off

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16
Q

What does a float centre drawing look like

A

It is a 4 all are allowed to connect other than the pump therefore making it float

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17
Q

What does a rotary device look like on a schematic

A

It is a circle

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18
Q

If the arrow points in on a rotary device what does this make it

A

A motor

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19
Q

What does it mean if there are 2 arrows on a rotary device

A

It means it is bidirectional

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20
Q

What would be written on a pump rating plate

A

Max discharge pressure PSI
flow output at max driven speed LPM
and displacement per pump shaft revolution CCM

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21
Q

What does a pump do

A

Convert mechanical energy into hydraulic energy

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22
Q

What does a hydraulic motor do

A

Convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy

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23
Q

What is a positive output pump

A

A pump which has the same output as input

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24
Q

What is a non positive output pump

A

It is a pump which can be stalled/ load can overcome the output and output will be slower/ not the same

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25
What is a variable pump
A pump which can change out put
26
What pump can be fixed and variable
A vane pump
27
What is an open loop hydraulic circuit
It is from reservoir to reservoir
28
What is a closed loop system
It has no reservoir the oil is always stuck in one system
29
What is the minimum volumetric efficacy a pump should be giving out
60 percent
30
What is a closed centre system
A system which doesn’t drive all the time
31
What is cavitation
Where demand exceeds supply and small vacuum pockets where molecules split and stretch causing pitting due to lack of oil and formed
32
What is aeration and how do you find it
It is when air gets into a system causing sponginess , foam and bubbling this can be found by finding the hole using oil and seeing it bubble
33
What is swash plate cavitation
It is where demand exceeds supply and it runs the plate dry or low on oil causing lack of oil and therefore pitting on components
34
How do you know how efficient a hydraulic pump is being
Check the rating if the spec is 20 gpm and the pump is giving out 16 it is 80 percent efficient If it is low check filters and oil to perhaps improve efficacy
35
What is a pressure control device and what does it do
It limits maximum pressure, provides redirection of pump flow when it must be maintained ( unloading ) It also provides redirection while not maintained ( off loading ) Alternate flow for pressure seqencing Reduce or step down pressure for a sub circuit
36
What is an example of a pressure control device
Relif valve / unloding valve / pressure seqencing valve / pressure reducing valve / counter balance valve
37
What is cracking pressure
It is the pressure needed to overcome the spring to release oil
38
What is a compound relief valve
2 relif valves in 1 one small one big to allow for surges
39
What is a sequencing valve
It is a pressure relief valve which allows a next circuit to work after that one has pressurised
40
What is a pressure reducing device
It is a device which always ensures pressure is correct for a component
41
What is a counter balance valve
Allows rhe system to be smooth and predictable with unexpected loads, using a solenoid , it is variable
42
Why would you use nitrogen in an accumulator
Because it is inert and safe
43
What does an attenuator do
It reduces noise and pulses through a system
44
What makes a cylinder non differential
It means it can put more force outward than inward due to surface area of cylinder
45
What is the difference between a ram and cylinder
A ram is bigger than 50 percent of the housing
46
How would you know a pilot check valve is broken
It will creep as valve should block flow until other is opened
47
What is drift rate
It is how fast a cylinder will drop if left with load on it
48
What is cycle time
It is how long it takes for a ram to power out and retract
49
What is the iso number for hydraulic oil cleanliness
4406
50
What are 2 simple checks for a hydraulic front loader
Drift rate and cycle time
51
What way do the arrows face on a oil cooler
Facing out
52
When referring to a planetary gear transmission how could Infinitely variable gear range be achieved
By adding a hydraulic motor and pump
53
How is direct drive achieved in a planetary carrier
Locking 2 components together
54
How is reverse achieved in a planetary gear set
Holding the planetary carrier
55
What is a hydraulic filter clearance
5 ųm
56
What is a hydraulic system clearance
5 to 13 microns
57
What can hydraulic injection cause
Gangrene
58
What does hydrostatic mean
It is a non mechanical connection
59
What are priority circuits
It is the circuits which have a ranking order of oil supply 1 is brakes and safety features 2 is suspension 3 is scv less needed stuff
60
What are 3 types of accumulator
Gas, sprung and weighted
61
What are the oil pressure ratings
Red is high pressure pink is low Blue is no pressure Green is trapped oil
62
What is the percentage of oil which is air
10 percent
63
What does flow across an orifice cause
A pressure drop in that area
64
What does margin pressure refer to on an ls system
It is the pressure range of which the pump can operate
65
When inspecting a system you notice an o ring has gone slimy and soft what could this suggest
The wrong oil is being used
66
If a hydraulic ram has been removed and the ram has shown signs of wear on one side what will this suggest
The pivot point is siezed
67
Constant flow rate into a smaller diameter pipe what happens ?
It will increase velocity
68
What is created by resistance to flow
Resistance
69
What does 2 / 3 mean for a hydraulic circuit
2 boxes/ ports and 3 ways for oil to travel
70
10 um is equal to?
0.001
71
What is more efficant turbulent flow or laminar
Laminar due to no heat loss / wasted work
72
What way does the arrows point in on a hydraulic heater
Inward and outward for a cooler
73
What does it mean if a dotted box surrounds a few parts
It is one component
74
How can a vane pump be variable
A spring allows the pump to move and go into an idle position
75
How is a hydraulic schematic shown on of off
Off / neutral
76
What is the purpose of a pressure control device
Limit max pressure, provide redirection of flow, counterbalance force Alternate flow for pressure sequences
77
What is a compound relief valve
It is 2 valves in one one is to keep pressure constant one is for big surges
78
What is flow control
In theory like a resistor Limit max speed of actuators Limit max power available Proportionally divide pump flow
79
What determines flow in a hydralics system
Area, orafice shape, restrictions, pressure across orafice, fluid viscosity
80
What is a check valve
Allows fluid to go one way
81
What is a check valve
Allows fluid to go one way
82
What is a priority flow regulator
A series of check valves which aim to go in order of priority
83
What is a flow divider valve
It is a valve which uses a valve and the side with the lesser flow is combated with spring force causing it to equal out
84
What do 2 lines above and below the valve mean
It is proportional/ infinite open and close range
85
What does a single acting ram mean
It is not powered back it powers back with load
86
What is cylinder cushioning
It is where there are 2 orafices allowing flow to leave the cylinder which slows the flow down as it covers 1 it is forces to slow
87
What can aeration cause for an operator
Spongey feeling on implements

Agri Tech 25 (19 decks)

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