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Agri Tech 25 > Engines > Flashcards

Engines Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

What is the firing order on a 4 cylinder engine

A

1342

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2
Q

What is the firing order on a 6 cylinder

A

153264

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3
Q

What it the ideal fuel to air ratio of a diesel engine

A

14.7 : 1 by mass

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4
Q

How is a glow plug controlled

A

Timer and relay

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5
Q

How to test a glow plug

A

Using a multimeter aim for 1 to 5 ohms of resistance

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6
Q

What does a charge air cooler do

A

Increases the density of the intake by cooling the temperature

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7
Q

How to time a fuel pump

A

By ensuring the pump is at tdc using a dti

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8
Q

What does ci and si stand for

A

Compression ignition and spark ignition

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9
Q

What is thermal efficacy

A

The amount of heat which is used for useful work

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10
Q

Volumetric efficacy

A

The amount of time it takes to fill a cylinder

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11
Q

What is mechanical efficacy

A

A way to measure the effectiveness of a systems performance

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12
Q

What does ohv and ohc stand for

A

Overhead valve (pushrod) and overhead cam (car)

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13
Q

If the crankshaft rotates once how many times does the camshaft rotate

A

Half a turn.

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14
Q

What is the difference between indirect and direct fuel injection

A

Direct injection is premixed air and fuel and indirect uses a mixing chamber above the combustion chamber to fix the 2 before injection

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15
Q

What is the face of a block called

A

The deck

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16
Q

Why are cylinder walls hatched

A

To allow an oil film to stick onto them improving lubrication

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17
Q

How do you fit piston rings

A

120 degrees apart and follow manufacturer guidelines

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18
Q

Name the piston parts

A

Crown. 3 rings 2 compression one scraper. The skirt, gudion pin, con rod, big end cap

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19
Q

What measument is a dyno in

A

Kilawatt

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20
Q

What is the 4 stroke cycle

A

Intake, compression, power, exaust

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21
Q

What are major and minor forces

A

It is the faces where the piston slaps against causing ovality

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22
Q

What is the purpose of a multi cylinder engine

A

To allow balance and efficiency

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23
Q

What is swept volume

A

Top dead centre to bottom

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24
Q

What is clearance volume

A

It is tdc to block

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25
Total volume is
Clearance and swept volume
26
What is compression ratio
It is total % clearance volume
27
How do you work out cubic capacity
Top to bottom and times by the amount of cylinders
28
What is thermal conductivity
The rate of which an object conducts heat
29
What is thermal expansion
The rate of which an object expands when heated
30
What are the 3 types of heat transfer
Conduction, convection and radiation
31
What is coolguard
Ethylene glycol
32
What is the benefit of coolguard pg
Propylene glycol it is less toxic
33
Hydrometer measurements for good coolant
Water = 1g cm coolant = 1.11 g cm
34
What is a refractometer
It is a device which reflects light allowing it to determine the coolant strength
35
What does miscible mean
When 2 fluids form a mixture of
36
What valve is bigger
The intake valve is slightly larger to increase volumetric efficacy
37
What is blow by
It is the piston carrying unburnt, corrosive gassed and steam into the crankcase
38
What is basic lubrication
Splash and mist
39
What is boundary lubrication
Required for sliding engine components that don’t need a pressure feed
40
What is hydrodynamic lubrication
It is where an oil needs pressurising to be entered like a main crank bearing needs this high pressure in order to keep an oil film
41
What is hydrodynamic lubrication
It is where an oil needs pressurising to be entered like a main crank bearing needs this high pressure in order to keep an oil film
42
During an engine cylinder shutdown test it reported that cylinder 3 revealed a 25 percent drop what could this mean
This cylinder is completely fine due to the drop
43
How is crankshaft end float adjusted
Using thrust bearing/ shims
44
What is plastiguage used for
To check bearing clearance
45
How should you install piston rings
Away from minor and major force face And 120 degrees apart
46
What will a turbo inter cooler do
Decrease air temp and increase air density
47
As the engine increases heat what will happen to the valve clearances
They will get closer/ smaller tolerance
48
What does octane rating refer too
Fuels auto ignition point for petrol/ fuel
49
An engine is burning excessive oil what could be a cause
Stem seals
50
What do hydraulic cam lifters do
Self adjust allowing it to have less maintenance
51
How do you know what way up a piston ring goes
Manufacturer marking
52
How do you measure bore ovality
Using a borescope and you take reading from 3 different points
53
What is multipoint injection
It is an electronic injection system
54
What does common rail refer too
All injectors are fed by one ‘common rail’
55
How could a con rod become bend 3 reasons
Hydrlock due to excessive fuel Hydrolock from water in exhaust Incorrect valve timing
56
This machine cranks but no Vapor is coming out of exaust and it won’t start what should you do
Check fuel level / emergency tap Check fuel filters Ask customer what happened Check service advisor
57
What affect would a seized closed oil pressure relief valve have on an engine
Low oil pressure at low rpm
58
An t belt would cause what?
Damage to bearings
59
What would exessive engine valve clearance cause
Damage to parts of/ retard timing
60
Why is it important to read and clear codes on a service
To help with diagnosing faults
61
What is the 3 jobs of an ecu
Fuel quality, fuel timing and fuel duration of injection
62
How do you carry out a compression test
Remove spark plug / injector / glow plug Remove ability to start engine Add gauge, and crank engine Wait till it gets to a stable compression
63
What is a wet compression test
Add a bit of oil to the cylinder to fill a possible crack in the piston for example and if the measurement comes back better after adding oil you know the bottom end is damaged
64
What is a cylinder leakage test
Lock system at tdc , introduce air through injector / glow / spark plug fitting. Hold at 10 bar and monitor where the air escapes by using gloves to cover exits, eg exaust exit/ intake / radiator cap/ dipstick
65
What is a turbo hot side
Turbine is hot compressor side is cold
66
What would happen if your engine pressure relif valve is stuck closed
Low rpm would be fine but high rpm would have extreme pressure
67
What is the flash point of diesel
62 degrees
68
What is flash point (diesel)
Point of heat required to vaporise the gas
69
What is the auto ignition temperature of diesel
Approximately 210 degrees

Agri Tech 25 (19 decks)

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