16) Organic Synthesis Flashcards
(16 cards)
How do we convert an alkane into a haloalkane?
Add a halogen and UV light
How do we convert an alkene into an alkane?
Add hydrogen molecules and nickel
How do we convert an alkene into a haloalkane?
Add a hydrogen halide
How do we convert an alkene into an alcohol?
Add steam and H3PO4 (phosphoric acid)
How do we convert a haloalkane into an alcohol?
Add aqueous NaOH (sodium hydroxide)
How do we convert an alcohol into an alkene?
Add sulfuric or phosphoric acid and heat
How do we convert an alcohol into a haloalkane?
Add a sodium halide and H2SO4 (sulfuric acid)
How do we convert an alcohol into an aldehyde?
Primary alcohol.
Add sulfuric acid and acidified potassium dichromate and distill.
How do we convert an alcohol into a carboxylic acid?
Primary alcohol.
Add sulfuric acid and acidified potassium dichromate and reflux
How do we convert an alcohol into a ketone?
Secondary alcohol.
Add sulfuric acid and acidified potassium dichromate and reflux.
How do we convert an aldehyde into an alcohol?
Add NaBH4 (sodium borohydride)
How do we convert an aldehyde into a carboxylic acid?
Add sulfuric acid and acidified potassium dichromate and reflux.
How do we convert a ketone into an alcohol?
Add sodium borohydride
What are the steps involved in purifying an organic liquid?
Use of a separating funnel, addition of an anhydrous salt, redistillation.
Name two anhydrous salts.
Magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride
Name the parts of the quickfit apparatus.
Round-bottom flask, receiver, screw-top adapter, condenser, still head
