Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism

Question 1

What is another name for Hyperthyroidism?

Answer 1

Grave’s Disease

Question 2

What are the different causes of Hyperthyroidism?

Answer 2

1. Autoimmune disorder
2. Tumor
3. Inflammed Thyroid
4. Gender (more common in women)

Question 3

What occurs when there is fast consumption of glucose in the body?

Answer 3

Weight loss

Question 4

What occurs when there is increased heat production due to increased metabolism?

Answer 4

1. Heat intolerance
   2 Increased perspiration

Question 5

What occurs when there is increased ATP due to increased metabolism?

Answer 5

1. increased vital signs
2. palpitations
3. alert/irritable
4. hair growth
5. polyuria
6. diarrhea
7. exophthalmia
8. heavy menstrual bleeding

Question 6

What type of diet is given to patients with hyperthyroidism?

Answer 6

High caloric diet

Question 7

How do you manage exophthalmia?

Answer 7

1. Eye patch
2. Eye drops

Question 8

What are the different antithyroid medications?

Answer 8

1. Propylthiouracil
2. Lugol’s Solution
3. Methimazole
4. Propanolol
5. Radioactive Iodine

Question 9

What is the function of propylthiouracil?

Answer 9

blocks T3 and T4 formation

Question 10

What is another name for Lugol’s Solution?

Answer 10

Strong Solution of Potassium Iodine (SSKI)

Question 11

What is the function of Lugol’s Solution?

Answer 11

Reduces blood flow to the thyroid, administered after thyroidectomy to prevent bleeding

Question 12

What is the function of Methimazole?

Answer 12

blocks T3 and T4

Question 13

What is another name for Methimazole?

Answer 13

Tapazole

Question 14

What is the function of Propanolol?

Answer 14

Beta blocker to treat cardiac symptoms of hyperthyroidism

Question 15

What is the function of Radioactive Iodine?

Answer 15

kills cells of Thyroid Gland

Question 16

How long should you be exposed to a patient with radioactive iodine?

Answer 16

maximum 30 minutes

Question 17

What are the precautions regarding the toilet for patients with radioactive iodine?

Answer 17

1. Flush 2-3 times
2. Clean the toilet with bleach

Question 18

What should be done with the soiled linens of a patient with radioactive iodine?

Answer 18

isolated

Question 19

How long should a patient treated with radioactive iodine be isolated for?

Answer 19

48 hours

Question 20

What are pre-op reminders for a thyroidectomy?

Answer 20

Ask for a shellfish/iodine allergy

Question 21

What are post-op interventions for thyroidectomy?

Answer 21

1. Sandbags at the sides of the head to prevent movement
2. Small pillows under head for Semi-fowler’s

Question 22

What are things to WOF after thyroidectomy?

Answer 22

1. hypocalcemia
2. Respiratory distress/laryngeal edema
3. Thyroid storm

Question 23

What are the signs of hypocalcemia?

Answer 23

Chvostek’s sign and Trosseau’s sign

Question 24

How do you treat hypocalcemia?

Answer 24

Calcium Gluconate

Question 25

How do you treat respiratory distress/laryngeal edema?

Answer 25

Emergency tracheostomy

Question 26

What are the manifestations of thyroid storm?

Answer 26

1. Increased T3 and T4 2. Heart arrythmias 3. Death

Question 27

What is another name for Hypothyroidism?

Answer 27

Hashimoto's Disease

Question 28

What is the difference between Hyper and Hypothyroidism in terms of TSH?

Answer 28

It can either be increased or decreased in hypothyroidism

Question 29

What is the indication if TSH is high in hypothyroidism?

Answer 29

Thyroid gland has a problem

Question 30

What is the indication if TSH is low in hypothyroidism?

Answer 30

Pituitary gland has a problem

Question 31

What is the manifestation if there is low glucose consumption?

Answer 31

1. Weight gain 2. Increased fats 3. Increased atherosclerosis

Question 32

What is the manifestation if there is decreased ATP due to decreased metabolism?

Answer 32

1. decreased vital signs 2. fatigue/weakness 3. brain fog 4. amenorrhea 5. thin hair 6. oliguria 7. constipation

Question 33

What is the manifestation if there is decreased heat due to decreased metabolism?

Answer 33

1. Cold intolerance 2. No perspiration

Question 34

What is the DOC for hypothyroidism?

Answer 34

Levothyroxine (T4)

Question 35

When is levothyroxine taken?

Answer 35

Before breakfast, same time every day

Question 36

What should you do if you miss a dose of levothyroxine?

Answer 36

Skip the dose