Hypo and Hyper

Question 1

Define Homeostasis

Answer 1

Keeping the internal body environment in a steady state when the external environment has changed. Same State

Question 2

What is Temperature homeostasis ?

Answer 2

Temperature homeostasis = THERMOREGULATION

Question 3

What is the Core Body Temperature ?

Answer 3

Core Body Temperature of 37 degrees Celsius

Question 4

Define Thermoregulation

Answer 4

Allows your body to maintain its core internal temperature and redistributes blood flow as required.

Question 5

What are Body Cool Down Mechanisms ?

Answer 5

• Sweating - sweat glands release sweat that cools as it evaporates
• Vasodilatation - blood vessels under the skin get wider increasing blood flow to skin where it is cooler.

Question 6

What are the Bodies Warm Up Mechanisms ?

Answer 6

• Vasoconstrictions - blood vessels under the skin become narrower decreasing blood flow to the skin - Thermogenesis - body’s muscles, organs and brain produce heat in a variety of ways eg: muscles can produce heat by shivering

Question 7

What are Thermoreceptors ?

Answer 7

located in the skin to monitor external temperatures

Question 8

What are Hypothalamus ?

Answer 8

monitors the temperature of the blood as it passes through the brain

Question 9

What is Hypothermia?

Answer 9

Dangerous drop in temperature usually caused by prolonged exposure to cold temperatures

Question 10

What are the Causes of Hypothermia ?

Answer 10

• Inapproriate Clothing.

- Exposure to cold environments such as wind, moisture, cold water.

Question 11

What are the Symptoms of Hypothermia ?

Answer 11

Shivering, 
Shallow Breathing, 
Confusion, 
Drowsiness, 
Exhaustion, 
Weak Pulse, 
Slurred Speech

Question 12

What are the heat conversion responses of Hypothermia ?

Answer 12

Vasconstriction.
Increased Metabolism.
Shivering.
Body Hair Raised.

Question 13

What are the heat loss responses of Hypothermia ?

Answer 13

Vasodilation.
Decreased Metabolism.
Sweating.
Body Hair Lowered.

Question 14

What is the Treatment of Hypothermia ?

Answer 14

• Remove wet clothes.
• Protect the person against wind, drafts with warm/dry blankets and clothes.
• Move to a warm, dry shelter as soon as possible.
• Rewarm the person with extra blankets / clothes.
• Offer warm liquids.
• Begin CPR if unconscious.

Question 15

What is Hyperthermia?

Answer 15

Elevated Temperature due to failed thermoregulation when the body produces or absorbs more heat than it dissipates

Question 16

What are the Causes of Hyperthermia ?

Answer 16

• Vigorous activity in a hot humid environment.
• Dehydration.
• Wearing bulky or heavy clothing in the heat.
• Being overweight causes the body to generate more heat.
• High Temperatures.
• High Humidity

Question 17

What are the Symptoms of Hyperthermia ?

Answer 17

Muscle or Abdominal Cramps.
Nausea or Vomiting.
Dizziness.
Headache

Question 18

How do you get your body used to heat?

Answer 18

Acclimatisation.

Adapt to your environment

Question 19

What are the Stages of Hypothermia ?

Answer 19

1. Heat Cramps - 37 degrees.
2. Heat Exhaustion - The body is failing to cool itself - 37-40 degrees.
3. Heat Stroke - Body stops sweating and core temperature rises - 40+ degrees