hypothalamus DSA

Question 1

what is the primary role of the hypothalamus

Answer 1

maintenance of homeostasis

Question 2

what are the four divisions of the hypothalamus

Answer 2

preoptic area
periventricular zone
medial zone
lateral zone

Question 3

what two structures comprise the preoptic area of the hypothalamus

Answer 3

medial and lateral preoptic nuclei

Question 4

what nucleus contains neurons that make GnRH

Answer 4

medial preoptic nuclei

Question 5

with what structure is the preoptic area continuous

Answer 5

basal forebrain

Question 6

which ventricle is the periventricular zone adjacent to

Answer 6

third

Question 7

what is the function of the periventricular zone of the hypothalamus

Answer 7

synthesis of releasing hormones

Question 8

what are the three regions of the medial zone

Answer 8

supraoptic region
tuberal region
mammilary region

Question 9

which zone of the hypothalamus contains the medial forebrain bundle

Answer 9

lateral zone

Question 10

what is the “feeding center”

Answer 10

the lateral hypothalamic nucleus

Question 11

what are tuberal nuclei

Answer 11

clusters of neurons in the lateral zone of the hypothalamus, forming the tuberoinfundibular tract

Question 12

what hormones are transmitted by the supraoptic nucleus and to where

Answer 12

oxytocin and ADH to the posterior pituitary

Question 13

what is the function of the suprachiasmatic nucleus

Answer 13

receives input from the retina to mediate circadian rhythm

Question 14

what is the function of the anterior nucleus

Answer 14

“range of somatic functions”

temperature regulation

Question 15

what nucleus is considered to be a “satiety center” and in what region is it

Answer 15

ventromedial nucleus

in the tuberal region of the hypothalamus

Question 16

what is the primary location of neurons that contain releasing hormones

Answer 16

arcuate nucleus, in the tuberal region of the hypothalamus

Question 17

axons making up the mamillothalamic tract originate from what nucleus

Answer 17

medial mammillary nucleus

Question 18

from what structure does the intermediate and lateral mamillary nuclei receive input

Answer 18

reticular formation via the mamillary peduncle

Question 19

what nucleus of the hypothalamus merges with the PAG

Answer 19

posterior hypothalamic nucleus

Question 20

what is the arterial supply to the hypothalamus

Answer 20

perforating arteries from the circle of willis

Question 21

what hypothalamic structures are supplied by the A1 segment of ACA

Answer 21

preoptic area
supraoptic region
septal nuclei
rostral part of lateral area

Question 22

what hypothalamic areas and supplied by the P1 segment of PCA and posterior communicating a

Answer 22

tuberal and mammillary regions

Question 23

what is the largest single input to the hypothalamus

Answer 23

fornix

Question 24

what two structures are formed at the division of the fornix and where is the division

Answer 24

divides at anterior commission into hippocampus and subiculum

Question 25

what structures are connected by the medial forebrain bundle

Answer 25

septal nuclei hypothalamus tegmentum of the midbrain

Question 26

where does the stria terminalis terminate

Answer 26

septal nuclei preoptic area medial hypothalamic zone

Question 27

what are the amygdalohypothalamic fibers

Answer 27

stria terminalis | ventral amygdalofugal pathway

Question 28

from what structure does the mammillary fasciculus arise

Answer 28

medial mammillary nucleus

Question 29

what structures arise from the bifurcation of the mammillary fasciculus

Answer 29

mammillothalamic tract | mammillotegmental tract

Question 30

between what structures do the lateral hypothalamothalamic fibers project

Answer 30

lateral preoptic area =>dorsomedial nucleus and amygdaloid nucleus

Question 31

what fibers link the hypothalamus and the ANS

Answer 31

hypothalamospinal and hypothalamomedullary

Question 32

where do the hypothalamospinal fibers terminate

Answer 32

intermediolateral cell column

Question 33

where do the hypothalamomedullary fibers terminate

Answer 33

solitary nucleus dorsal vagal motor nucleus nucleus ambiguus