HYPOTHYRODISM

Question 1

• Develops when there is an INSUFFICIENT LEVEL OF THYROID HORMONE available in tissue
• Treated with LEVOTHYROXINE - a thyroid hormone replacement therapy

Answer 1

Hypothyroidism

Question 2

• Due to FAILURE of the gland to SECRETE adequate thyroid hormones
• Mostly caused by ABLATION OF THYROID GLAND with radioactive iodine / Thyroidectomy
• Caused by Radioatherapy of the Neck and drugs such as lithium

Answer 2

Primary Hypothyroidism

Question 3

• The most common cause of primary hypothyroidism
• Characterized by a THYROID REPLACED BY NEST OF LYMPHOID TISSUE - thus being sensitized by the T lymphocytes / Autoantibodies bind to cell membrane causing an INFLAMMATION
• Associated with enlargement of thyroid gland (GOITER)
• A painless thyroiditis

Answer 3

Hashimoto Disease

Question 4

• A peculiar non-pitting swelling of the skin
• Skin is INFILTRATED BY MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES
• MYXEDEMA COMA an advanced stage of thyroid hormone deficiency

Answer 4

Myxedema

Question 5

• A rare inflammatory disease which causes compression and fibrosis of adjacent tissue
• Described as IMMUNOGLOBULIN-INDUCED DYSFUNCTION OF THE THYROID
• Thyroid gland may present as WOODY or STONY HARD MASS

Answer 5

Riedel Thyroiditis

Question 6

• Due to PITUITARY DESTRUCTION or the presence of pituitary adenoma

Answer 6

Secondary Hypothyroidism

Question 7

• Caused by a HYPOTHALAMIC DISEASE

Answer 7

Tertiary Hypothyroidism

Question 8

Without the typical symptoms of hypothyrodism

Answer 8

Subclinical Hypothyroidism

Question 9

• The defect in the development or function of the gland since CONCEPTION
• Causes PHYSICAL and MENTAL RETARDATION

Answer 9

Congenital Hypothyroidism / Cretinism

Question 10

• Due to abnormality or mutation in the gene encoding TSH BETA or TRH RECEPTOR
• Caused by an ABNORMALITY in the Adenohypophysis

Answer 10

Central Hypothyroidism