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Infectious Disease > I: Enteric Infections > Flashcards

I: Enteric Infections Flashcards

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1
Q

____ cleaves the outer capsid and facilitate Rotavirus uncoating

A

Trypsin

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2
Q

_____ can disseminate from the intestine inside phagocytes

A

Salmonella

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3
Q

_____ can spread from cell to cell in epithelial monolayers

A

Shigella

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4
Q

_____ detoxifies ROS with superoxide dismutase and catalase

A

Salmonella

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5
Q

_____ grows in RBCs and endothelial cells

A

Bartonella

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6
Q

_____ inhibits components of NADPH oxidase.

A

Legionella

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7
Q

______ escapes from phagosomal vacuole to the cytosol

A

Listeria

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8
Q

Cholera toxin activates _______ resulting in ____ secretion.

A

adenylate cyclase; chloride

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9
Q

In ______, a Type III secretion system secretes ______, which causes an attaching and effacing lesion that causes microvillar damage and pedestal formation

A

EPEC; translocated intimin receptor

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10
Q

In ETEC, heat-____ enterotoxin activates adenylate cyclase.

A

labile

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11
Q

In ETEC, heat-____ enterotoxin activates guanylate cyclase.

A

stable

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12
Q

Name 5 obligate intracellular pathogens.

A

Chlamydia, Coxiella, Ehrlichia, Rickettsia, M. leprae

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13
Q

Name pathogens that have a Type III secretion system

A

EHEC, EPEC, Shigella, Salmonella typhinurium, Non-typhoidal Salmonella

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14
Q

Name the three generations of Rotavirus vaccine.

A

Rotashield, Rotateq, Rotarix

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15
Q

Salmonella contains ___ toxin which has DNAase activity

A

A2B

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16
Q

Salmonella Pathogenicity Island __ is responsible for invasion of M cells.

A

1

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17
Q

Salmonella Pathogenicity Island __ is responsible for uptake by macrophages.

A

2

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18
Q

Treatment? Campylobacter

A

Erythromycin

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19
Q

Treatment? EHEC

A

NONE

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20
Q

Treatment? ETEC

A

Fluorquinolones

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21
Q

Treatment? Non-typhoidal Salmonella

A

Ciprofloxacin in immunocompromised hosts

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22
Q

Treatment? Shigella

A

Ciprofloxacin

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23
Q

Treatment? Typhoid

A

Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone

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24
Q

Treatment? Vibrio cholerae

A

Tetracycline (severe cases)

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25
What are the important proteins in the outer capsid in viral gastroenteritis?
VP4, VP7
26
What is the definition of diarrhea?
3 or more watery or loose stools for more than 24 hours
27
What is the genome for Norovirus?
ssRNA
28
What is the genome for Rotavirus?
dsDNA
29
What is the major group antigen (inner capsid protein) in Rotavirus?
VP6
30
What is the major group antigen for Norovirus?
VP1
31
Which antigen? Capsular polysaccharide associated with increased virulence
K antigen
32
Which antigen? Flagellar protein antigens associated with motile organisms
H antigen
33
Which antigen? Repeating unit of polysaccharides important in species identification
O antigen
34
Which drug classes concentrate in lysosomes?
Aminoglycosides and macrolides
35
Which is the only fusogenic organism (resides in lysosome)?
Coxiella burnetii
36
Which pathogen? Abrupt fever, vomiting, explosive watery diarrhea, self-limited with 4-8 day duration
Rotavirus
37
Which pathogen? Antibiotics that increase DNA damage stimulate toxin production and should not be given
EHEC
38
Which pathogen? Blood in stool with no leukocytes
EHEC
39
Which pathogen? Can cause acute renal injury and thrombocytopenia
EHEC
40
Which pathogen? Colorless colonies on sorbitol-MacConkey agar
EHEC
41
Which pathogen? Curved gram negative rods with gull-wing pattern
Campylobacter jejuni
42
Which pathogen? Diarrhea +/- bloody stools, fever, cramps, complications: Guillain-Barre Syndrome and Reiters Syndrome
Campylobacter jejuni
43
Which pathogen? Diffuse watery diarrhea with no tissue invasion, up to 15-20L/day
Vibrio cholerae
44
Which pathogen? Epidemic dysentery resulting from toxin production
Shigella dysenteriae
45
Which pathogen? Foodborne outbreaks of bloody diarrhea and hemorrhagic colitis, leading to development of hemolytic-uremic syndrome
EHEC
46
Which pathogen? Has a protective capsule
Salmonella Typhi
47
Which pathogen? Important cause of diarrhea on cruise ships, in nursing homes, and in hospitals?
Norovirus
48
Which pathogen? Inflammatory diarrhea, high fever, 1-3 week incubation
Salmonella typhinurium
49
Which pathogen? Leading cause of traveler's diarrhea
ETEC
50
Which pathogen? Most common cause of gastroenteritis in the western world
Campylobacter jejuni
51
Which pathogen? Predominantly seen in young infants especially in the developing world
EPEC
52
Which pathogen? Self-limiting gastroenteritis with watery diarrhea, fever, and neutrophils
Salmonella enteritidis
53
Which pathogen? Shigella strain most notable in the developing world
Shigella flexneri
54
Which pathogen? Uses type III secretion systems to enter M cells and induce apoptosis of macrophages and inflammation,
Shigella dysenteriae
55
Which pathogen? Watery diarrhea, no blood/pus, abdominal cramps, vomiting, low-grade fever possible
ETEC
56
Which pathogen? Watery stools, no blood/mucus, vomiting, low-grade fever common
EPEC
57
Which pathogens infect the large intestine to cause inflammatory diarrhea?
Shigella, EHEC
58
Which pathogens infects the small intestine?
Vibrio, ETEC, Salmonella, Campylobacter
59
Which pathogens? Not part of normal gut flora
Shigella, Salmonella, ETEC, Vibrio
60
Which virlulence factor? Surface-expressed adherence factor important for colonization by Vibrio cholerae
TCP pilus
61
Which virulence factor? Activator of adenylate cyclase in ETEC.
Heat-labile enterotoxin
62
Which virulence factor? Activator of guanylate cyclase in ETEC
Heat-stable enterotoxin
63
Which virulence factor? Binds to Gb3 sphingolipids to enter cells and binds rRNA to inhibit protein synthesis in EHEC
Shiga-like Toxins 1 and 2 (Stx-1/Stx-2)
64
Which virulence factor? Destabilizes cell membranes, mobilizes calcium to activate transduction pathways, and increases chloride secretion in viral gastroenteritis
Enterotoxin NSP4

Infectious Disease (21 decks)

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